Table 4 Predictors of mortality within 42 days of initiation of IA therapy in patients with hematologic malignancy and aspergillosis

Age (years), median (range)

50 (16–80)

56 (14–86)

–

Gender, male

84 (64)

119 (57)

–

Diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis

0.023

 Definite

54 (41)

50/207 (24)

1.5 (1.1, 2.2)

 Probable

78 (59)

157/207 (76)

Referent

Type of IA infection ^a

0.007

 Invasive pulmonary infection

111 (84)

174 (84)

3.3 (1.5, 7.2)

(0.003)

 Disseminated infection

13 (10)

12 (6)

4.0 (1.6, 10.3)

(0.003)

 Localized or sinus infection

8 (6)

22 (11)

Referent

Type of cancer

–

 Leukemia

106/131 (81)

148/205 (72)

 Lymphoma

23/131 (18)

43/205 (21)

 Myeloma

2/131 (2)

14/205 (7)

Transplantation within 1 year prior to infection

41/131 (31)

91 (44)

0.60 (0.41, 0.88)

0.008

Type of transplantation within prior year

 Allogeneic transplant

39/41 (95)

74/91 (81)

 Autologous transplant

2/41 (8)

17/91 (19)

Graft vs Host Disease (GVHD)

29/39 (74)

53/74 (72)

Neutropenia (< 500 ANC) at onset of IA

79/130 (61)

76/199 (38)

–

Persistent neutropenia

59/130 (45)

63/179 (35)

–

Received immunotherapy

92 (70)

108/205 (53)

–

Received WBC transfusion

31 (23)

24/206 (12)

–

Year of IA diagnosis/treatment

–

 1993–2004

99 (75)

87 (42)

 2005–2016

33 (25)

121 (58)

Prophylactic antifungal treatment prior to infection

36 (27)

76/207 (37)

0.61 (0.41, 0.90)

0.012

Breakthrough

29/36 (81)

69/75 (92)

Primary therapy strategy

< .0001

 Diagnostic-driven therapy with voriconazole

2 (2)

42 (20)

Referent

 Empiric antifungal therapy without voriconazole

123 (93)

97 (47)

18.0 (4.4, 73.2)

(< .0001)

 Empiric antifungal therapy with voriconazole

7 (5)

69 (33)

2.2 (0.5, 10.6)

(0.33)