Table 3 Factors associated with severe dengue
Severe dengue | No severe dengue | Univariate analysis | P value | Multivariate analysis | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N = 20 | N = 408 | Unadjusted OR or coefficient (95% CI) | Adjusted OR or coefficient (95% CI) | |||
Age, years | 36 (27–50) | 35 (27–45) | 1.0 (0.99–1.05) | 0.21 | 0.98 (0.94–1.0) | 0.41 |
Male sex | 10 (50) | 217 (53) | 0.88 (0.36–2.2) | 0.78 | ||
Low socioeconomic status | 5 (25) | 173 (42) | 0.45 (0.16–1.3) | 0.13 | ||
Black race | 6 (30) | 234 (57) | 0.32 (0.12–0.85) | 0.02 | 0.26 (0.09–0.77) | 0.02 |
Private clinic | 14 (70) | 229 (56) | 1.8 (0.69–4.8) | 0.22 | ||
Malaria coinfection | 0 (0) | 15 (3.7) | ||||
Pregnancy | 0 (0) | 8 (2.0) | ||||
History of diabetes | 3 (15) | 3 (0.74) | 24 (4.5–127) | < 0.001 | 43 (5.2–361) | < 0.001 |
Secondary dengue | 3 (15) | 554 (13.2) | 1.2 (0.33–4.1) | 0.82 | 1.5 (0.40–5.4) | 0.56 |
Warning signs | 9 (45) | 120 (29) | 2.0 (0.79–4.9) | 0.14 | ||
Abdominal pain | 4 (20) | 62 (15) | 1.4 (0.45–4.3) | 0.56 | ||
Persistent vomiting | 4 (20) | 36 (8.8) | 2.6 (0.82–8.1) | 0.1 | ||
Clinical fluid accumulation | 1 (5) | 3 (0.74) | 7.1 (0.71–71.5) | 0.1 | ||
Mucosal bleed | 5 (25) | 33 (8) | 3.8)1.3–11) | 0.02 | ||
Laboratory parameters a | ||||||
Hematocrit, % | 43 (41–46) | 42 (38–46) | 1.0 (0.95–1.1) | 0.69 | ||
Hematocrit > 45% | 7 (35) | 113 (28) | 1.4 (0.55–3.61) | 0.48 | ||
Platelets, ×109/L | 146 (103–186) | 150 (116–189) | 1.0 (0.99–1.0) | 0.71 | ||
Platelets < 100 × 109/L | 4 (20) | 66 (16) | 1.3 (0.42–4.0) | 0.65 | ||
Leukocytes, ×109/L | 9 (45) | 134 (33) | 0.99 (0.87–1.1) | 0.83 | ||
Leukocytes < 3.5 × 109/L | 9 (45) | 134 (33) | 1.7 (0.68–4.13) | 0.27 | ||