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Table 5 Multivariate analysis of risk factors associated with maternal adverse effects

From: Adverse effects of antiretroviral therapy in pregnant women infected with HIV in Brazil from 2000 to 2015: a cohort study

Risk Factor

Anemia

Relative Risk

Logistic Regression*

Hepatic alterations

Relative Risk

Logistic Regression*

Dyslipidemia

Relative risk

Fasting glycemia alterations

Relative risk

Logistic Regression*

Yes

No

Yes

No

Yes

No

Yes

No

n

%

n

%

RR CI 95%

RR CI 95%

n

%

n

%

RR CI 95%

RR CI 95%

n

%

n

%

RR CI 95%

n

%

n

%

RR CI 95%

RR CI 95%

Co-infection during pregnancy

 No

35

9.2

63

23.8

1

1

                 

 Yes

378

99.7

263

99.2

1.65(1.17–2.33)

1.52(1.04–2.21)

                 

 No information

1

 

2

                    

Baseline CD4 (cells/mm3)

  < 200

66

19.0

19

6.1

1

 

52

14.2

32

10.4

1

 

82

17.7

21

21.4

1

15

12.2

59

11.5

1

 

  > = 200

330

94.8

286

92.6

0.69(0.53–0.90)

 

315

85.8

276

89.6

0.86(0.64–1.16)

 

381

82.3

77

78.6

1.01(0.75–1.35)

108

87.8

453

88.5

0.95(0.55–1.63)

 

 No information

18

 

23

   

15

 

9

   

7

 

5

  

4

 

24

   

Peripartum CD4 (cells/mm3)

  < 200

59

16.6

13

4.1

1

1

43

11.7

29

9.4

1

 

65

14.0

13

13.1

1

12

9.8

48

9.4

1

 

  > = 200

337

94.9

291

92.4

0.66(0.50–0.86)

0.67(0.51–0.90)

323

88.3

281

90.6

0.9(0.65–1.23)

 

399

86.0

86

86.9

0.98(0.71–1.34)

111

90.2

464

90.6

0.97(0.53–1.75)

 

 No information

18

 

24

   

16

 

7

   

6

 

4

  

4

 

24

   

CDC classification

 1

97

30.6

117

55.5

1

 

107

28.8

96

30.5

1

 

141

30.2

28

27.5

1

39

31.0

154

29.4

1

 

 2

211

66.6

158

74.9

1.26(0.99–1.60)

 

191

51.3

160

50.8

1.03(0.82–1.31)

 

242

51.8

58

56.9

0.97(0.78–1.19)

63

50.0

274

52.3

0.93(0.62–1.38)

 

 3

95

30.0

41

19.4

1.54(1.16–2.05)

 

74

19.9

59

18.7

1.06(0.79–1.42)

 

84

18.0

16

15.7

1.01(0.77–1.32)

24

19.0

96

18.3

0.99(0.60–1.65)

 

 No information

11

 

12

   

10

 

2

   

3

 

1

  

1

 

12

   

Peripartum viral load

 Undetectable (< 50 copies/ml)

215

108.0

205

166.7

1

       

309

66.3

54

56.3

1

81

66.4

314

61.4

1

 

 Detectable (> = 50 copies/ml)

178

89.4

102

82.9

1.24(1.02–1.52)

       

157

33.7

42

43.8

0.93(0.77–1.12)

41

33.6

197

38.6

0.84(0.58–1.22)

 

 No information

21

 

21

         

4

 

7

  

5

 

25

   

Start of ART use

 Before pregnancy

58

16.3

80

32.3

1

1

58

15.4

77

24.3

1

 

97

20.7

21

20.4

1

37

29.6

95

18.0

1

1

 During pregnancy

350

98.3

240

96.8

1.41(1.07–1.86)

1.35(1.02–1.80)

319

84.6

240

75.7

1.33(1–1.76)

 

371

79.3

82

79.6

1(0.80–1.25)

88

70.4

434

82.0

0.6(0.41–0.88)

0.67 (0.44–1.01)

 No information

6

 

8

   

5

     

2

 

0

  

2

 

7

   

NRTI

 AZT

373

909.8

291

786.5

1

                  

 TDF

21

51.2

20

54.1

0.91(0.59–1.42)

                  

 No information

20

 

17

                    

ART during pregnancy

 NRTI + NRTI + NVP

72

21.1

49

17.6

1

 

92

26.0

17

5.6

2.04(1.58–2.63)

2.04(1.58–2.63)

52

11.5

19

19.8

1

10

8.3

87

17.5

1

1

 NRTI + NRTI + NFV

77

22.5

50

17.9

1.02(0.74–1.41)

 

77

21.8

47

15.5

1.5(1.15–1.97)

1.5(1.15–1.97)

86

19.0

18

18.8

1.13(0.80–1.59)

15

12.4

99

19.9

1.28(0.57–2.84)

1.31(0.59–2.92)

 NRTI + NRTI + LPV/r

228

66.7

183

65.6

0.93(0.72–1.22)

 

165

46.6

234

77.2

1

1

295

65.3

57

59.4

1.14(0.85–1.54)

91

75.2

292

58.8

2.31(1.20–4.43)

2.08(1.07–4.04)

 NRTI + NRTI + ATV/r

11

3.2

14

5.0

0.74(0.39–1.40)

 

20

5.6

5

1.7

1.94(1.22–3.08)

1.94(1.22–3.08)

19

4.2

2

2.1

1.24(0.73–2.09)

5

4.1

19

3.8

2.02(0.69–5.91)

1.58(0.52–4.76)

 No information

26

 

32

   

28

 

14

   

18

 

7

  

6

 

39

   

Hepatitis C

 No

      

345

90.6

299

94.3

1

            

 Yes

      

36

9.4

18

5.7

1.25(0.88–1.75)

            

 No information

      

1

 

0

              
  1. * Cox Logistic Regression
  2. ART antiretroviral therapy, NRTI nucleos(t)ide reverse transcriptase inhibitors, AZT zidovudine, TDF tenofovir, NVP nevirapine, NFV nelfinavir, LPV lopinavir, ATV atazanavir, r ritonavir, CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
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BMC Infectious Diseases

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