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Table 4 Sample’s characteristics according to the presence of no DM, prediabetes and DM, accessed by fasting glucose

From: Diabetes mellitus in HIV-infected patients: fasting glucose, A1c, or oral glucose tolerance test – which method to choose for the diagnosis?

 

Fasting glucose

P value

<100 mg/dL

100–126 mg/dL

≥126 mg/dL

n (%)

169 (76.8)

44 (20)

7 (3.2)

 

Sex [n (%)]

   

0.049

 Male

103 (60.9)

23 (52.3)

7 (100)

 

 Female

66 (39.1)

21 (47.7)

0 (0)

 

Age [years, [median (IR)]

43 (15)

51.5 (15)

45 (14)

0.027

Duration of HIV infection [years, [median (IR)]

8 (6)

8 (5.8)

8 (6)

0.782

cART [years, [median (IR)]

6 (7)

6 (5.8)

8 (6)

0.408

Clinical lipodystrophy [n (%)]

   

0.082

 Without CL

76 (45)

27 (61.4)

2 (28.6)

 

 With CL

93 (55)

17 (38.6)

5 (71.4)

 

Body Composition [n (%)]

   

0.004

 No lipodystrophy

26 (15.8)

4 (9.8)

1 (14.3)

 

 Isolated central fat accumulation

46 (27.9)

22 (53.7)

1 (14.3)

 

 Lipoatrophy

52 (31.5)

6 (14.6)

0 (0)

 

 Mixed form of lipodystrophy

41 (24.8)

9 (22)

5 (71.4)

 

BMI [(kg/m2), [median (IR)]

24.4 (5.8)

26.1 (5.5)

26 (3.4)

0.052

Waist circumference [cm, [median (IR)]

88 (16.5)

95 (13.5)

95 (15)

0.005

CD4 cell count [cells/mm3, [median (IR)]

486 (344)

525 (298)

605 (382)

0.643

HIV RNA (<50) [n (%)]

151 (100)

35 (100)

6 (100)

 

Hepatitis C co-infection [n (%)]

56 (33.5)

6 (14.3)

2 (28.6)

0.034

CDC clinical categories [n (%)]

   

0.398

 A

89 (52.7)

27 (61.4)

3 (42.9)

 

 B

3 (1.8)

2 (4.5)

0 (0)

 

 C

77 (45.6)

15 (34.1)

4 (57.1)

 

ART [n (%)]

    

 IP

96 (56.8)

23 (52.3)

4 (57.1)

0.885

 NNRTI

79 (46.7)

20 (45.5)

3 (42.9)

0.999

 NRTI

163 (96.4)

41 (93.2)

6 (85.7)

0.157

HOMA-IR index [median (IR)]

1.5 (1.3)

3.2 (2.6)

9.3 (6,8)

< 0.001

QUICKI index [median (IR)]

0.4 (0.1)

0.3 (0.04)

0.3 (0.04)

< 0.001

Total cholesterol [mg/dL, median (IR)]

220 (66)

240.5 (86)

234 (79)

0.061

LDL- cholesterol [mg/dL, median (IR)]

127 (67)

149 (62)

146 (74)

0.136

HDL- cholesterol [mg/dL, median (IR)]

47 (18)

49 (22)

41 (22)

0.651

Triglycerides [mg/dL, median (IR)]

189.5 (197.8)

214.5 (207.8)

184 (88)

0.975

Statin use [n (%)]

35 (20.7)

8 (18.2)

3 (42.9)

0.312

Fibrate use [n (%)]

50 (29.6)

15 (34.1)

0 (0)

0.200

  1. DM diabetes mellitus, CL clinical lipodystrophy, cART combination antiretroviral therapy, BMI body mass index, ART antiretroviral therapy, PI protease inhibitor, NNRTI non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, NRTI nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, HOMA homeostatic model assessment index, QUICKI quantitative insulin sensitivity check index, SD standard deviation, IR interquartile range