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Table 1 Microorganisms isolated in VAP depending on the employed method of taking the material for microbiological diagnostics, Polish ICUs 2013–2015

From: Epidemiology of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia, microbiological diagnostics and the length of antimicrobial treatment in the Polish Intensive Care Units in the years 2013-2015

VAP

PNEU-1a

Other VAP casesb

Total

Gram-positive cocci n(%)

35 (19.3)

Staphylococcus aureus

17 (21.3)

10 (9.9)

27 (16.1)

 Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci

0 (0.0)

1 (1.0)

1 (0.6)

Enterococcus spp.

1 (1.3)

1 (1.0)

2 (1.2)

Streptococcus pneumoniae

4 (5.0)

1 (1.0)

5 (3.0)

Enterobacteriaceae n(%)

59 (32.6)

Citrobacter spp.

0 (0.0)

1 (1.0)

1 (0.6)

Enterobacter spp.

1 (1.3)

2 (2.0)

3 (1.8)

Escherichia coli

5 (6.3)

7 (6.9)

12 (7.1)

Klebsiella pneumoniae

17 (21.3)

16 (15.8)

31 (18.5)

Proteus spp.

2 (2.5)

4 (4.0)

6 (3.6)

Seratia spp.

5 (6.3)

1 (1.0)

6 (3.6)

Non-fermenting Gram-negative bacteria n(%)

50 (27.6)

Acinetobacter baumannii

10 (12.5)

24 (23.8)

34 (20.2)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

8 (10.0)

2 (2.0)

10 (6.0)

Stenotrothomonas maltophilia

1 (1.3)

1 (1.0)

2 (1.2)

Hemophilus spp.

0 (0.0)

4 (4.0)

4 (2.4)

Other n(%)

37 (20.4)

 Other bacteria

20 (25.0)

17 (16.8)

20 (22.0)

Total n(%)

80 (100.0)

101 (100.0)

181 (100.0)

  1. VAP Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia
  2. aPNEU-1: pneumonia documented by invasive diagnostics, minimally contaminated lower respiratory tract sample with quantitative culture
  3. bOther VAP cases, documented by: PNEU-2 non-protected sample with quantitative culture; PNEU-3 alternative microbiological criteria; PNEU-4 sputum bacteriology or non-quantitative culture