Prevalence and type-specific distribution of human papillomavirus infection among women in mid-western rural, Nepal- A population-based study

Table 3 Univariate analyses of potential risk factors for high-risk Human Papillomavirus (HR-HPV) in women living in mid-western rural Nepal

Characteristics	HR-HPV		OR (95% CI)	p-value
Characteristics	Positive	Negative	OR (95% CI)	p-value
Age
≤ 45 years	96	803	0.50 (0.29–0.86)	0.013
≥ 46 years	19	80
Marital age
≤ 19 years	101	754	1.23 (0.68–2.22)	0.483
≥ 20 years	14	129
Number of pregnancy (n = 529)
≥ 4	58	392	3.74 (1.14–12.27)	0.029
0 or 1	3	76
Number of children (n = 630)
≥ 3	73	413	1.96 (1.03–3.72)	0.039
0 or 1	12	133
Education status
Illiterate	49	361	1.07 (0.72–1.59)	0.723
Literate	66	522
Smoking
Smokers	14	144	0.71 (0.39–1.27)	0.255
Non-smokers	101	739
Participant’s multiple marriage/ sexual partners
Present	5	65	0.57 (0.22–1.45)	0.239
Absent	110	818
Husband’s multiple marriage/sexual partners
Present	23	95	2.07 (1.25–3.43)	0.004
Absent	92	788
Oral contraceptive use
Users	5	90	0.40 (0.15–1.00)	0.051
Non-users	110	793
HIV
Present	3	2	11.82 (1.95–71.54)	0.007
Absent	112	883
STI
Present	19	124	1.21 (0.71–2.05)	0.476
Absent	96	759

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