Table 3 Research implications and recommendations

Create schematic classification of the event

1. Type of the event (e.g. infectious, adverse effect, terror)

2. The scale of the event

3. Target population and its relevant needs

4. Measurable outcomes

Set upfront ad hoc response team in charge

To shorten response time

Prepare list of interest parties

Policymakers, senior and local officials, external specialists, leading leaders, relevant politicians and stakeholders

Conduct routine training to the response team

Use retired seniors with previous experience as tutors

Allocate initial budget

Protected funding to the early stages of the event

Prepare clear guidelines to cope with crises

Can be stratified according to major scenarios type (e.g. separate instructions to infectious and terror events)

Assess constantly public response

1. Monitor the media including social media

2. Measure the defined outcomes

3. Change campaign strategy accordingly

4. Set the most appropriate spokesmen in the media