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Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients at the time of starting TB therapy

From: Differences in response to antiretroviral therapy in HIV-positive patients being treated for tuberculosis in Eastern Europe, Western Europe and Latin America

 

All (N = 965)

ART naïve (N = 518)

Non ART naïve (N = 447)

Efavirenz (n = 647)

non Efavirenz (n = 318)

Efavirenz (n = 420)

non Efavirenz (n = 98)

Efavirenz (n = 227)

non Efavirenz (n = 220)

Patient age at TB diagnosis (years)

37 (31–43)

37 (31–45)

37 (32–44)

35 (32–43)

36 (31–42)

38 (31–47)

Male*, n(%)

499 (77%)

206 (65%)

345 (82%)

73 (74%)

154 (68%)

133 (60%)

Ethnic group, n(%)*+&

 White

432 (68%)

182 (60%)

298 (73%)

61 (68%)

134 (60%)

121 (56%)

 Hispanic

118 (19%)

43 (14%)

63 (15%)

10 (11%)

55 (25%)

33 (15%)

 Black

47 (7%)

62 (20%)

26 (6%)

14 (16%)

21 (9%)

48 (22%)

 Other

35 (6%)

18 (6%)

22 (5%)

5 (6%)

13 (6%)

13 (6%)

HIV risk, n(%)*

 non IDU

382 (59%)

211 (66%)

243 (58%)

56 (57%)

139 (61%)

155 (70%)

 IDU

265 (41%)

107 (34%)

177 (42%)

42 (43%)

88 (39%)

65 (30%)

Region, n(%)*+&

      

 Eastern Europe

363 (56%)

118 (37%)

262 (62%)

50 (51%)

101 (44%)

68 (31%)

 Western/Southern Europe

131 (20%)

144 (45%)

77 (18%)

39 (40%)

54 (24%)

105 (48%)

 Latin America

153 (24%)

56(18%)

81 (19%)

9 (9%)

72 (32%)

47 (21%)

CD4+ count (cells/mm3)*+

96 (33–210)

118 (34–310)

82 (29–164)

60 (18–118)

140(48–297)

168(56–372)

Missing CD4 counts, n (%)

3 (< 1%)

1 (< 1%)

3 (1%)

1 (1%)

0(0%)

0(0%)

 HIV RNA (copies/mL),  n(%)* < 400

76 (12%)

63(20%)

8 (2%)

2 (2%)

68 (30%)

61 (28%)

 400–10 0000

39 (6%)

36 (11%)

18 (4%)

4 (4%)

21 (9%)

32 (14%)

  > 10 0000

319 (49%)

121 (38%)

254(60%)

61 (62%)

65 (29%)

60 (27%)

 Unknown

213 (33%)

98 (31%)

140 (33%)

31 (32%)

73 (32%)

67 (30%)

Haemoglobin (g/dL)

12 (10–14)

12 (10–14)

12 (10–14)

12 (10–13)

13 (10–14)

12 (10–14)

Disseminated TB+, n(%)

373 (58%)

189 (59%)

74 (76%)

237 (56%)

136 (60%)

115 (52%)

Resistance test performed

348 (54%)

169 (53%)

226 (54%)

49 (50%)

122 (54%)

120 (54%)

MDR-TB, n(%)°

68 (19%)

20 (12%)

47 (21%)

12 (24%)

21 (17%)

8 (7%)

Initial anti-TB drug, n(%)*+&

 Rifampicin

587 (91%)

208 (65%)

390 (93%)

70 (71%)

197 (87%)

138 (63%)

 Rifabutin

13 (2%)

69 (22%)

9 (2%)

12 (12%)

4 (2%)

57 (26%)

 No rifamicin

47 (7%)

41 (13%)

21 (5%)

16 (16%)

26 (11%)

25 (11%)

ART regimen, n (%)

      

 Efavirenz

647 (100%)

0 (0%)

420 (100%)

0 (0%)

227 (100%)

0 (0%)

 Protease inhibitor

0 (0%)

181 (57%)

0 (0%)

62 (63%)

0 (0%)

119 (54%)

 Integrase inhibitor

0 (0%)

70 (22%)

0 (0%)

23 (23%)

0 (0%)

47 (21%)

 Other

0 (0%)

67 (21%)

0 (0%)

13 (13%)

0 (0%)

54 (25%)

Time between TB therapy and ART initiation (days)&

–

–

28 (17–49)

28 (15–34)

376 (47–1198)

1337 (199–3484)

  1. Note: Continuous variables are reported as medians and interquartile ranges. *p < 0.05 between patients receiving efavirenz and non-efavirenz -containing regimens of ART including the entire cohort. +p < 0.05 between efavirenz and non-efavirenz-containing ART regimens, including only naïve patients
  2. &p < 0.05 between efavirenz and non-efavirenz including only non-naïve patients. Time between TB diagnosis and ART initiation was estimated between non-naïve patients as TB diagnosis date less first ART date. °Percentage estimated relative to those with resistance test performed
  3. IDU Injecting Drug User, MDR-TB Multi-drug resistant tuberculosis
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BMC Infectious Diseases

ISSN: 1471-2334

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