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Table 2 Clinical and treatment characteristics of extensively drug-Resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB), multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), and drug-susceptible TB cases, Shandong, China

From: Epidemiological trends and outcomes of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in Shandong, China

 

NO. (%)

OR (95% CI)

Characteristics

XDR TB (n = 144)

MDR TB (n = 372)

Drug-susceptible TB (n = 4622)

XDR TB vs MDR TB

XDR TB vs Drug susceptible TB

TB contacta

10 (6.9)

42 (11.3)

318 (6.9)

0.59 (0.29–1.20)

1.01 (0.53–1.94)

TB retreatmentb

71 (49.3)

164 (44.1)

301 (6.5)

1.23 (0.84–1.81)

13.96 (9.87–19.75)c

Location of TB disease

 Pulmonary alone

113 (78.5)

313 (84.1)

3939 (85.2)

0.69 (0.42–1.12)

0.63 (0.42–0.95)d

 Extrapulmonary alone

8 (5.6)

15 (4.0)

242 (5.2)

1 [Reference]

1 [Reference]

 Pulmonary and extrapulmonary

23 (16)

44 (11.8)

441 (9.5)

1.42 (0.82–2.45)

1.80 (1.14–2.85)d

Chest radiograph result

 Cavity

73 (50.7)

171 (46.0)

1619 (35.0)

1.21 (0.82–1.78)

1.91 (1.37–2.66)c

 Bilateral disease

101 (70.1)

238 (64.0)

2695 (58.3)

1.32 (0.87–2.00)

1.68 (1.17–2.41)c

Comorbidities

 Diabetes

17 (11.8)

35 (9.4)

521 (11.3)

1.29 (0.70–2.38)

1.05 (0.63–1.76)

 Hypertension

7 (4.9)

10 (2.7)

269 (5.8)

1.85 (0.69–4.96)

0.83 (0.39–1.79)

 Cardio-cerebrovascular disease

6 (4.2)

11 (3.0)

212 (4.6)

1.43 (0.52–3.93)

0.90 (0.40–2.07)

 COPDe

7 (4.9)

12 (3.2)

88 (1.9)

1.53 (0.59–3.97)

2.63 (1.20–5.79)d

 Gastric ulcer/Gastrectomy history

7 (4.9)

9 (2.4)

153 (3.3)

2.06 (0.75–5.64)

1.49 (0.69–3.24)

 Hepatitis

3 (2.1)

3 (0.8)

67 (1.4)

2.62 (0.52–13.12)

1.45 (0.45–4.66)

 Chronic renal failure

1 (0.7)

4 (1.1)

43 (0.9)

0.64 (0.07–5.81)

0.75 (0.10–5.45)

 Long-term use of corticosteroids

3 (2.1)

4 (1.1)

65 (1.4)

1.96 (0.43–8.86)

1.49 (0.46–4.80)

 Malignancy

2 (1.4)

2 (0.5)

67 (1.4)

2.61 (0.36–18.68)

0.96 (0.23–3.95)

 Hypoalbuminemia

9 (6.2)

27 (7.3)

446 (9.6)

0.85 (0.39–1.86)

0.62 (0.32–1.23)

 Hepatotoxicity during treatment

18 (12.5)

40 (10.8)

534 (11.6)

1.19 (0.66–2.15)

1.09 (0.66–1.81)

DOT

 Complete DOTf

92 (63.9)

308 (82.8)

4450 (96.3)

1 [Reference]

1 [Reference]

 Partial DOT

52 (36.1)

64 (17.2)

172 (3.7)

2.72 (1.76–4.20)c

14.62 (10.08–21.23)c

 Hospital LOS

78 (45–132)

70 (41–103)

46 (34–65)

P = 0.025

P < 0.001

  1. Abbreviations: No. number, vs versus, OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval, MDR multidrug-resistant, XDR extensively drug-resistant, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; DOT directly observed therapy, LOS length of stay
  2. aTB contact was defined as family members, schoolmates or colleagues with TB
  3. bTB retreatment means that the case has received TB treatment before the current TB episode for one month or more [20]
  4. cStatistically significant at P < 0.01
  5. dStatistically significant at P < 0.05
  6. eCOPD was diagnosed according to the guidelines of Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD). Defined by a post-bronchodilator pulmonary function (forced expired volume in one second (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio) of less than 70%, with prescription of a combination of various bronchodilators and anticholinergic agents. In our study, all COPD patients had been diagnosed before TB diagnosis
  7. fComplete DOT refers to TB treatment under direct observation of health workers from hospitals/communities and trained family members; Partial DOT refers to DOT combined with some self-administered therapy
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BMC Infectious Diseases

ISSN: 1471-2334

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