|
Variables
|
N
|
Weighteda prevalence %
|
(95% CI)
|
Univariable Analysis
|
Multivariable Analysis
|
|---|
|
PRb (95% CI)
|
p-value
|
PRc (95% CI)
|
p-value
|
|---|
|
Age group (years)
|
|
18–24
|
222
|
1.2
|
(0.4–3.9)
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
|
25–34
|
283
|
2.8
|
(1.4–5.3)
|
2.3 (0.6–9.0)
|
0.247
|
2.0 (0.5–7.8)
|
0.314
|
|
35–44
|
343
|
4.3
|
(2.2–8.2)
|
3.5 (0.9-13.9)
|
0.075
|
3.1 (0.8–12.0)
|
0.100
|
|
45–54
|
477
|
9.4
|
(6.3–13.8)
|
7.7 (2.5–24.0)
|
0.000
|
5.4 (1.7–17.1)
|
0.004
|
|
55–64
|
418
|
11.4
|
(8.2–15.7)
|
9.3 (2.8–31.2)
|
0.000
|
6.9 (2.1–23.1)
|
0.002
|
|
65+
|
685
|
11.0
|
(8.1–14.8)
|
9.0 (2.6–31.1)
|
0.001
|
d
|
d
|
|
CASMIN educational classification
|
|
Low
|
806
|
8.7
|
(6.4–11.8)
|
1.1 (0.7–1.7)
|
0.768
|
−
|
−
|
|
Medium
|
1069
|
5.7
|
(4.3–7.5)
|
0.7 (0.4-1.1)
|
0.109
|
−
|
−
|
|
High
|
538
|
8.2
|
(5.8–11.4)
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
−
|
−
|
|
Income
|
|
Low
|
656
|
6.1
|
(4.3–8.6)
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
−
|
−
|
|
Medium
|
1414
|
7.2
|
(5.7–9.2)
|
1.2 (0.8–1.8)
|
0.374
|
−
|
−
|
|
High
|
358
|
9.5
|
(6.1–14.4)
|
1.6 (0.9-2.8)
|
0.127
|
−
|
−
|
|
Employment situation
|
|
Worker
|
844
|
7.9
|
(5.8–10.7)
|
1.0 (0.6–1.5)
|
0.890
|
−
|
−
|
|
Employee
|
773
|
8.1
|
(6.0–10.9)
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
−
|
−
|
|
Civil servant
|
183
|
7.0
|
(3.7–12.8)
|
0.9 (0.4–1.7)
|
0.659
|
−
|
−
|
|
Free-lance/self-reliant
|
293
|
8.5
|
(5.6–12.5)
|
1.0 (0.6–1.8)
|
0.880
|
−
|
−
|
|
Family worker
|
4
|
−
|
−
|
−
|
−
|
−
|
−
|
|
Other
|
64
|
0.9
|
(0.1–6.5)
|
0.1 (0.1–0.1)
|
0.031
|
−
|
−
|
|
Smoking, currently
|
|
Daily
|
524
|
6.3
|
(4.3–9.2)
|
0.9 (0.6–1.5)
|
0.761
|
−
|
−
|
|
Occasionally
|
151
|
3.8
|
(1.7–8.2)
|
0.6 (0.2-1.3)
|
0.182
|
−
|
−
|
|
No, not anymore
|
899
|
9.0
|
(6.8–11.7)
|
1.3 (1.0-1.8)
|
0.089
|
−
|
−
|
|
Never smoked
|
843
|
6.8
|
(5.1–9.0)
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
−
|
−
|
|
Number of other children in household during childhood
|
|
0
|
257
|
5.5
|
(3.2–9.3)
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
−
|
−
|
|
1–2
|
999
|
5.8
|
(4.3–7.9)
|
1.1 (0.6–1.9)
|
0.839
|
−
|
−
|
|
> 2
|
1172
|
8.9
|
(7.2–11.1)
|
1.6 (0.9-2.8)
|
0.087
|
−
|
−
|
|
Visit of nursery during childhoodd
|
|
No
|
561
|
10.8
|
(7.9–14.5)
|
2.4 (1.7–3.5)
|
0.000
|
1.5 (1.0–2.2)
|
0.036
|
|
Yes
|
1153
|
4.4
|
(3.4–5.8)
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
|
HSV1 serostatus
|
|
HSV1 seronegative
|
548
|
6.5
|
(4.6–9.0)
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
−
|
−
|
|
HSV1 seropositive
|
1880
|
7.4
|
(6.0–9.1)
|
1.1 (0.8–1.7)
|
0.494
|
−
|
−
|
|
Degree of urbanization
|
|
Rural
|
435
|
6.5
|
(3.2–12.6)
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
−
|
−
|
|
Provincial
|
620
|
6.1
|
(3.9–9.4)
|
0.9 (0.4–2.1)
|
0.875
|
−
|
−
|
|
Urban
|
712
|
7.7
|
(5.7–10.3)
|
1.2 (0.6–2.5)
|
0.660
|
−
|
−
|
|
Metropolitan
|
661
|
7.9
|
(6.2–10.2)
|
1.2 (0.6–2.5)
|
0.582
|
−
|
−
|
|
Region of residence
|
|
West Germany
|
1675
|
6.6
|
(5.2–8.4)
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
−
|
−
|
|
East Germany (including Berlin)
|
753
|
9.2
|
(7.0–11.9)
|
1.4 (1.0-2.0)
|
0.070
|
−
|
−
|
|
German mother tongue
|
|
Yes
|
151
|
7.4
|
(6.1–8.9)
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
−
|
−
|
|
No
|
2256
|
5.7
|
(3.2–9.9)
|
0.8 (0.4–1.4)
|
0.394
|
−
|
−
|
|
Number of sexual partners in last 12 months
|
|
None
|
486
|
8.3
|
(5.5–12.3)
|
1.1 (0.7–1.8)
|
0.594
|
−
|
−
|
|
1
|
1613
|
7.3
|
(5.8–9.1)
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
−
|
−
|
|
2–3
|
155
|
5.3
|
(2.6–10.7)
|
0.7 (0.3–1.5)
|
0.395
|
−
|
−
|
|
> 3
|
73
|
6.9
|
(2.8–16.2)
|
0.9 (0.4–2.4)
|
0.905
|
−
|
−
|
|
Use of condoms
|
|
Generally
|
289
|
2.7
|
(1.5–4.9)
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
Ref
|
|
Occasionally
|
314
|
6.8
|
(4.2–10.8)
|
2.5 (1.1–5.7)
|
0.024
|
2.3 (1.0–5.1)
|
0.050
|
|
No
|
1454
|
8.0
|
(6.4–9.9)
|
3.0 (1.6–5.5)
|
0.001
|
1.7 (0.9–3.2)
|
0.105
|
|
N/a
|
275
|
9.9
|
(5.7–16.5)
|
3.7 (1.6–8.6)
|
0.003
|
1.6 (0.6–4.7)
|
0.345
|
- In italics: PR is statistically significant (p < 0.05)
-
aWe used survey weights to account for deviations of the survey sample from the sampling parameters (i.e. age, sex, region, urban/rural region, community size, citizenship and education)
-
bIf a p-value was <0.2 in the univariable analysis, we included that variable in a stepwise forward variable selection to find a suitable multivariable model
-
cAdjusted prevalence rates (PR) of variables which stayed in the final model (p-value ≤0.05) are reported
-
dMen older than 65 years of age were not asked whether they visited a nursery
