Fig. 6

Schematic figure of direct and indirect effects of pediatric vaccination. The upper boxes depict children, the lower ones adults. Boxes on the left show the baseline situation without additional vaccinations; on the right, 20% of children is vaccinated with a vaccine efficacy of 80%. Black areas show infected individuals, dark grey areas show vaccinated individuals. The shaded part of the vaccinated individuals depicts children who would have been infected and are, thus, directly protected. Preventing these cases also reduces the infection rate for unvaccinated children and for adults, causing indirect effects depicted in light grey