The socioeconomic impact of multidrug resistant tuberculosis on patients: results from Ethiopia, Indonesia and Kazakhstan

Table 1 Methods used to estimate different types of costs for TB diagnosis and treatment

Type of cost	Elements included in cost type	Methods used to calculate costs
Diagnostic (for those in intensive phase)	Food, travel, accommodation, medical costs, and loss of income during visits	Summed direct and indirect costs of visits
Diagnostic (for those in intensive phase)		Indirect costs (income loss) as calculated from total time spent x income/time
Treatment (excluding for those just diagnosed with MDR-TB)	DOT and drug collection visits, follow-up tests, food, travel, treatment of adverse events^a, supplements^b, hospitalization^c, and loss of income	Summed direct and indirect costs, multiplied by number visits/week, weeks/ month, and internationally defined duration of treatment phase
Treatment (excluding for those just diagnosed with MDR-TB)		Indirect costs (income loss) for DOT as calculated from total time spent x income/time
Other Costs	Direct and indirect costs of accompanying persons/attendants	Summed costs related to diagnosis or treatment visits
Coping strategies	Amount borrowed, assets sold	Summed costs

^aAssuming that all costs for these elements had been made before the time of the interview (hence, costs were not extrapolated to the treatment phase)
^bSummed direct costs over last month x internationally defined duration of treatment phase
^cIn Ethiopia and Indonesia: costs reported up until time of interview. For Kazakhstan, summed direct costs over last month x internationally defined duration of treatment phase; summed indirect costs (income loss) for hospitalization as calculated based on internationally defined duration of intensive phase x income/time

ISSN: 1471-2334