Table 2 Results of the quality assessment according to the QUADAS-2 tool
Risk for bias | Applicability concerns | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Study | Patient selection | Index test | Reference standard | Flow and timing | Patient selection | Index test | Reference standard |
Detjen et al. (2007) [27] | H | L | L | L | L | L | L |
Domínguez et al. (2008) [28] | U | H | L | U | L | L | L |
Kampmann et al. (2009) [29] | H | L | L | L | L | L | L |
Lighter et al. (2009) [30] | H | U | U | L | L | L | L |
Hansted et al. (2009) [31] | L | H | L | L | L | L | L |
Bamford et al. (2010) [32] | H | L | L | H | L | L | L |
Sun Lin et al. (2010) [33] | H | L | H | H | L | L | L |
Tsolia et al. (2010) [34] | L | U | H | H | L | L | L |
Cruz et al. (2011) [35] | H | H | L | H | L | L | L |
Chiappini et al. (2012) [36] | L | H | L | L | L | L | L |
Lodha et al. (2013) [37] | H | U | U | L | L | L | L |
Blandinières et al. (2013) [38] | H | U | U | L | L | L | L |
Jenum et al. (2014) [39] | L | U | U | H | L | L | L |
Chiappini et al. (2014) [40] | L | U | U | H | L | L | L |
Petrone et al. (2015) [41] | H | U | U | H | L | L | L |