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Table 2 Univariable comparison between the group that did not develop any bacteriuria at all and the group that developed respectively only ASB, cystitis or AGPN

From: The impact of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole as Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia prophylaxis on the occurrence of asymptomatic bacteriuria and urinary tract infections among renal allograft recipients: a retrospective before-after study

 

No bacteriuria versus only ASB

No bacteriuria versus cystitis

No bacteriuria versus AGPN

 

No bacteriuria (REF) N = 211 (61.5 %)

Only ASB N = 63 (18.4 %)

Univariable analysis HR (95 % CI)

P value

Cystitis N = 26 (7.6 %)

Univariable analysis HR (95 % CI)

P value

AGPN N = 43 (12.5 %)

Univariable analysis HR (95 % CI)

P value

Variables

 TMP-SMX prophylaxis

117 (55.5)

46 (73.0)

2.03 (1.17–3.55)

0.012

21 (80.8)

3.12 (1.18–8.28)

0.022

28 (65.1)

1.46 (0.78–2.73)

0.239

 Age of recipient

51 (38–59)

54 (46–64)

1.02 (1.00–1.04)

0.029

56 (44–60)

1.03 (1.00–1.06)

0.108

54 (38–62)

1.01 (0.99–1.04)

0.282

 Female gender

85 (40.3)

38 (60.3)

2.01 (1.22–3.33)

0.007

13 (50.0)

1.43 (0.67–3.10)

0.357

16 (37.2)

1.18 (0.63–2.18)

0.610

 Diabetes Mellitus (a)

49 (23.2)

19 (30.2)

1.37 (0.80–2.35)

0.250

13 (50.0)

1.13 (1.45–6.75)

0.004

13 (30.2)

1.39 (0.73–2.67)

0.320

 BMI of recipient

25.0 +/−4.30

25.3 +/−4.35

1.02 (0.96–1.08)

0.576

27.0 +/−6.7

1.09 (1.01–1.17)

0.027

25.0 +/−3.9

1.00 (0.94–1.08)

0.932

 Age of donor

49 (40–56)

53 (43–65)

1.03 (1.01–1.05)

0.010

51 (40–58)

1.00 (0.97–1.03)

0.738

48 (37–57)

1.00 (0.98–1.02)

0.992

 Allograft from deceased donor

122 (57.8)

50 (79.4)

1.22 (0.73–2.03)

0.453

23 (88.5)

5.28 (1.59–17.60)

0.007

30 (69.8)

1.61 (0.84–3.09)

0.152

 Delayed graft function

60 (28.4)

19 (30.2)

1.08 (0.63–1.84)

0.790

13 (50.0)

2.41 (1.12–5.21)

0.025

17 (39.5)

1.56 (0.85–2.87)

0.156

 Acute rejection

43 (20.4)

19 (30.2)

1.56 (0.91–2.67)

0.109

8 (30.8)

1.64 (0.71–3.78)

0.244

10 (23.3)

1.12 (0.55–2.28)

0.751

 Indwelling urological catheter (b)

5 (2.4)

28 (44.4)

12.94 (7.76–21.57)

<0.001

5 (19.2)

8.22 (3.09–21.90)

<0.001

15 (34.9)

11.24 (5.92–21.33)

<0.001

 First transplantation

180 (85.3)

54 (85.7)

1.04 (0.52–2.11)

0.907

22 (84.6)

0.97 (0.34–2.83)

0.961

38 (88.4)

1.27 (0.50–3.22)

0.619

 CMV disease

16 (7.6)

6 (9.5)

1.26 (0.54–2.92)

0.592

1 (3.8)

0.50 (0.07–3.66)

0.491

3 (7.0)

0.88 (0.28–2.87)

0.842

Maintenance therapy

 Tacrolimus + MMF + steroids

122 (57.8)

41 (65.1)

1.00

 

18 (69.2)

1.00

 

24 (55.8)

1.00

 

 MMF + cyclosporine + steroids

22 (10.4)

8 (12.7)

1.02 (0.48–2.19)

0.851

2 (7.7)

0.65 (0.15–2.81)

0.567

6 (14.0)

1.30 (0.53–3.19)

0.563

 MA + cyclosporine + steroids

67 (31.8)

14 (22.2)

0.65 (0.35–1.19)

0.164

6 (23.1)

0.63 (0.25–1.57)

0.319

13 (30.2)

0.97 (0.49–1.90)

0.919

Induction therapy

 Basiliximab

134 (63.5)

39 (61.9)

0.94 (0.56–1.56)

0.805

43 (52.3)

0.58 (0.27–1.24)

0.159

30 (69.8)

1.28 (0.67–2.46)

0.455

  1. Continuous variables are depicted as mean with +/− standard deviation or as median with (25–75 %) interquartile range. Nominal variables are depicted as the total number analysed with its percentage (%). AGPN allograft pyelonephritis, ASB asymptomatic bacteriuria, CI confidence interval, CMV cytomegalovirus, MA mycophenolic acid, MMF mycophenolate mofetil, NA not applicable, HR hazard ratio, REF reference, TMP-SMX trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
  2. a: The variable “diabetes mellitus” includes type 1, type 2 diabetes and new onset of diabetes after transplantation (NODAT), irrespective of whether it was the primary disease which led to renal failure
  3. b: The variable “Indwelling urological catheter” represents Foley catheter, nephrostomy catheter and intermittent self-catheterisation
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BMC Infectious Diseases

ISSN: 1471-2334

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