Table 1 Baseline characteristics and prevalence of sexually transmitted infections in women living with HIV (WLWH) in the study and WLWH in the remaining Danish HIV Cohort Study (DHCS)
WLWH in the study | WLWH in the remaining DHCS | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
Number of individuals | 334 (24.0) | 1,058 (76.0) | NA1 |
Follow-up (years), median (IQR) | 11.3 (5.9–16.9) | 10.6 (5.5–15.9) | 0.097 |
Follow-up time, total (person-years) | 3,853 | 11,183 | NA1 |
Age at inclusion, median (IQR), (years) | 42.5 (36.8–48.3) | 42.0 (35.5–48.2) | 0.22 |
Race, n (%) | |||
White | 141 (42.6) | 398 (39.5) | 0.0412 |
Asian | 44 (13.3) | 114 (11.3) | |
Black | 143 (43.2) | 461 (45.7) | |
Other (missing) | 3 (0.9) | 35 (3.5) | |
(3) | (50) | ||
Place of HIV transmission, n (%) | 114 (37.8) | 326 (34.8) | 0.11 |
Denmark | 27 (8.9) | 77 (8.2) | |
Europe + US | 128 (42.4) | 416 (44.4) | |
Africa | 33 (10.9) | 101 (10.8) | |
Asia | 0 (0) | 17 (1.8) | |
Other (missing) | (32) | (121) | |
Mode of transmission, n (%) | |||
Heterosexual | 294 (91.6) | 799 (83.6) | 0.0015 |
IDU | 16 (5.0) | 106 (11.1) | |
Other (missing) | 11 (3.4) | 51 (5.3) | |
(13) | (102) | ||
CD4 count at inclusion (cells/μL), n (%) | |||
<200 | 12 (3.9) | 79 (9.1) | 0.012 |
200–350 | 51 (16.5) | 138 (15.9) | |
>350 | 247 (79.7) | 650 (75.0) | |
(missing) | (24) | (191) | |
HAART at inclusion), n (%) | |||
Yes | 317 (94.9) | 866 (81.8) | <0.0001 |
No | 17 (5.1) | 192 (18.2) | |
(missing) | (0) | (0) | |
On HAART with HIV RNA < 40 copies/mL), n (%) | |||
Yes | 250 (83.6) | 576 (75.5) | 0.0042 |
No | 49 (16.4) | 187 (24.5) | |
(missing) | (18) | (103) | |
Lifetime sexual partners, n (%) | |||
<5 | 99 (29.6) | -3 | NA1 |
5–14 | 135 (40.4) | ||
15–25 | 45 (13.5) | ||
>25 | 53 (15.9) | ||
Does not wish to respond | 2 (0.6) | ||
(missing) | (0) | ||
History of genital herpes infection, n (%) | |||
Yes | 64 (19.2) | -3 | NA1 |
No | 227 (68.0) | ||
Unknown | 43 (12.8) | ||
(missing) | (0) | ||
Symptoms from the lower abdomen, n (%) | |||
Yes | 78 (23.3) | -3 | NA1 |
No | 237 (71.0) | ||
Does not wish to respond | 19 (5.7) | ||
(missing) | (0) | ||
Outline of specific symptoms from the lower abdomen, n (% of women stating “yes” to lower abdominal symptoms) | |||
Vaginal discharge | 30 (38.5) | -3 | NA1 |
Burning sensation when urinating | 8 (10.3) | ||
Abnormal menstrual bleeding | 24 (30.8) | ||
Bleeding during sexual intercourse | 6 (7.7) | ||
Pain while at rest | 9 (11.5) | ||
Pain during sexual intercourse | 15 (19.2) | ||
Other | 34 (43.6) | ||
Chlamydia trachomatis infection, n (%)4,5 | 4 (1.2) | -3 | NA1 |
Cervical | 3 | ||
Urethral | 3 | ||
Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection, n (%)6 | 0 (0) | -3 | NA1 |
Cervical | 0 | ||
Urethral | 0 | ||
Rectal | 0 | ||
Pharyngeal | 0 | ||
Syphilis, n (%)7 | |||
Any positive serologic test | 8 (2.5) | -3 | NA1 |
Positive serology requiring treatment | 0 (0) | ||
HSV-1 infection, n (%)8,9 | 0 (0) | -3 | NA1 |
HSV-2 infection, n (%)8,9 | 6 (1.9) | -3 | NA1 |