Young male sex workers are at high risk for sexually transmitted infections, a cross-sectional study from Dutch STI clinics, the Netherlands, 2006–2012

Table 3 Factors associated with a positive HIV test in consultations involving MSW (N = 2,688) at STI clinics —the Netherlands, 2006–2012

	Diagnosed^a (n)	Tested^a (n)	Percent	Univariate analysis			Multivariate analysis^b
	Diagnosed^a (n)	Tested^a (n)	Percent	RR	95 % CI	p value*	RR adj^c	95 % CI	p value*
Age group						<0.001			<0.001
≥ 35 years	6	859	0.7	ref			ref
25–34 years	29	1 087	2.7	3.82	1.59–9.16	0.003	2.74	1.15–6.50	0.02
15–24 years	31	742	4.2	5.98	2.51–14.26	<0.001	2.43	0.99–5.92	0.05
Country/Area of origin						0.07
The Netherlands	24	1 297	1.9	ref
Eastern Europe	18	587	3.1	1.66	0.91–3.03	0.10
Other European countries	6	118	5.1	2.75	1.14–6.59	0.02
Latin America	13	387	3.4	1.82	0.93–3.53	0.08
Sub-Saharan Africa	2	37	5.4	2.92	0.72–11.91	0.14
Asia	0	46	0.0	–
Turkey/Morocco	3	116	2.6	1.40	0.43–4.57	0.58
Other or unknown	0	97	0.0	–
Self-defined sexual preference
Heterosexual	1	793	0.1	ref			ref
Homosexual/Bisexual	64	1 881	3.4	26.98	3.75–194.21	<0.001	24.41	3.37–176.88	0.002
Intravenous drug user in the past 6 months
No	66	2 585	2.6
Yes	0	52	0.0
Previous bacterial STI^d in the past 2 years
No	51	1 999	2.6	ref
Yes	12	344	3.5	1.37	0.74–2.54	0.32
Co-infection with a bacterial STI
No	28	2 224	1.3	ref			ref
Yes	37	452	8.2	6.50	4.02–10.51	<0.001	4.84	2.96–7.90	<0.001
Previous HIV test result
Negative test	42	2 060	2.0	ref			ref
No test	21	576	3.6	1.79	1.07–2.99	0.03	2.59	1.56–4.29	<0.001

^*Bold numbers are significant p value <0.05
^a77 missing data out of a total of 2688 consultations in MSW (3 %): 3 for country/area of origin, 14 for self- defined sexual preference, 51 for injecting drug use, 345 for previous bacterial STI, 12 for STI co-infection, 52 for previous HIV test
^bVariables included in the multivariate analysis: age group, self- defined sexual preference, co-infection with bacterial STI and previous HIV test result
^cAdjusted for age group, self- defined sexual preference, co-infection with bacterial STI and previous HIV test result
^dChlamydia, gonorrhoea and/or syphilis

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