Table 1 Baseline clinical and laboratory characteristics of 125 patients hospitalized with dengue

Baseline characteristics

 Age (years), median (IQR)

125

24.0 (19.0–36.0)

20

36.5 (20.2–50.5)

105

23.0 (19.0–33.5)

0.010^c

 Sex, female

125

57 (45.6)

20

11 (55.0)

105

46 (43.8)

0.499^a

 Residential area, Bangkok

125

104 (83.2)

20

18 (90.0)

105

86 (81.9)

0.523^b

Clinical symptoms

 Fever (days), median (IQR)

125

4.0 (3.0–5.0)

20

5.0 (4.0–6.0)

105

4.0 (3.0–5.0)

0.003^c

 Myalgia

125

114 (91.2)

20

19 (95.0)

105

95 (90.5)

1.000^b

 Headache

125

109 (87.2)

20

17 (85.0)

105

92 (87.6)

0.720^b

 Lethargy

125

94 (75.2)

20

18 (90.0)

105

76 (72.4)

0.155^b

 Nausea

125

88 (70.4)

20

14 (70.0)

105

74 (70.5)

1.000^a

 Retro-orbital pain

125

80 (64.0)

20

11 (55.0)

105

69 (65.7)

0.509^a

 Abdominal pain

125

53 (42.4)

20

9 (45.0)

105

44 (41.9)

0.992^a

 Arthralgia

125

41 (32.8)

20

9 (45.0)

105

32 (30.5)

0.313^a

 Persistent vomiting

125

20 (16.0)

20

8 (40.0)

105

12 (11.4)

0.004^b

Physical examinations

 Temperature (°C), median (IQR)

125

38.5 (37.8–39.2)

20

38.5 (37.7–39.0)

105

38.5 (37.8–39.2)

0.580^c

 Mean arterial pressure (mmHg), median (IQR)

125

86 (78–92)

20

84 (70–93)

105

86 (78–92)

0.522^c

 Heart rate (beats/min), median (IQR)

125

80 (66–90)

20

83 (70–91)

105

79 (66–90)

0.457^c

 Respiratory rate (breaths/min), median (IQR)

125

22 (20–22)

20

22 (20–24)

105

20 (18–22)

0.019^c

 Tourniquet test, positive

125

106 (84.8)

20

15 (75.0)

105

91 (86.7)

0.187^b

 Rash

125

55 (44.0)

20

9 (45.0)

105

46 (43.8)

1.000^a

 Mucosal bleeding

125

53 (42.4)

20

14 (70.0)

105

39 (37.1)

0.013^a

 Skin bleeding

125

35 (28.0)

20

13 (65.0)

105

22 (21.0)

<0.001^a

 Liver span of >15 cm

125

29 (23.2)

20

12 (60.0)

105

17 (16.2)

<0.001^b

 Clinical fluid accumulation

125

25 (20.0)

20

15 (75.0)

105

10 (9.5)

<0.001^b

Confirmation tests for dengue

 Dengue RT-PCR, positive

125

79 (63.2)

20

15 (75.0)

105

64 (61.0)

1.000^b

 Serotypes 1 or 4

79

22 (27.8)

15

4 (26.7)

64

18 (28.1)

 Serotypes 2 or 3

79

57 (72.2)

15

11 (73.3)

64

46 (71.9)

 Dengue ELISA, positive

125

119 (95.2)

20

20 (100)

105

99 (94.3)

0.526^b

 Primary dengue infection

119

4 (3.4)

20

1 (5.0)

99

3 (3.0)

 Secondary dengue infection

119

115 (96.6)

20

19 (95.0)

99

96 (97.0)

Complete blood counts

 Hemoglobin, median (IQR), g/dL

125

13.8 (12.8–14.9)

20

13.9 (12.7–16.7)

105

13.8 (12.8–14.9)

0.540^c

 Hematocrit, median (IQR), %

125

41.6 (38.1–44.4)

20

40.7 (37.1–48.9)

105

41.6 (38.4–44.4)

0.882^c

 WBC, median (IQR), ×10³/μL

125

3.0 (2.2–4.8)

20

3.6 (2.1–6.8)

105

3.0 (2.2–4.6)

0.324^c

 Platelet counts, median (IQR), ×10³/μL

125

78.0 (48.0–127.0)

20

41.5 (11.2–63.5)

105

90.0 (56.0–145.5)

<0.001^c

Blood biochemistry

 Creatinine, median (IQR), mg/dL

125

0.8 (0.6–1.0)

20

0.8 (0.6–1.1)

105

0.9 (0.7–1.0)

0.859^c

 Albumin, median (IQR), g/dL

125

4.2 (3.9–4.5)

20

3.6 (3.1–4.2)

105

4.3 (4.0–4.5)

<0.001^c

 AST, median (IQR), IU/L

125

94 (38–202)

20

228 (162–760)

105

71 (36–156)

<0.001^c

 ALT, median (IQR), IU/L

125

65 (22–148)

20

172 (114–415)

105

46 (18–102)

<0.001^c

 Lactate level, median (IQR), mmol/L

125

1.5 (1.2–1.9)

20

2.7 (1.8–3.1)

105

1.4 (1.2–1.8)

<0.001^c

Duration of hospitalization (days), median (IQR)

125

3.9 (2.8–5.0)

20

4.8 (2.9–9.8)

105

3.7 (2.7–4.9)

0.012^c