Characterization of the inflammatory cell infiltrate and expression of costimulatory molecules in chronic echinococcus granulosus infection of the human liver

Table 3 mRNA expression levels of costimulatory molecules in inflammatory infiltrates of the liver in cystic echinococcosis, steatosis and chronic hepatitis biopsy samples

Costimulatory Molecules	CE	SH	CH		P Value
Costimulatory Molecules	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD	CE vs SH	CE vs CH	SH vs CH
CTLA4	0.073 ± 0.099	0.182 ± 0.233	5.293 ± 16.949	0.1	0.07	0.1
CD28	0.087 ± 0.018	24.361 ± 22.860	71.128 ± 60.365	0.0001	<0.00001	0.1
CD80	50.779 ± 67.682	54.731 ± 74.778	67.712 ± 98.575	0.5	0.1	0.5
CD86	61.528 ± 117.973	27.526 ± 33.573	62.451 ± 89.896	0.2	0.5	0.5

Expression of costimulatory molecules was quantified by calculating the ratio of target mRNA level to a background houskeeping β-actin mRNA and was defined as mean ± SD for three sample groups: cystic echinococcosis (CE), steatosis (SH) and chronic hepatitis (CH) (presented in bold)

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