Fig. 4

CD14⁺ macrophages accumulate in the colon of AIDS patients despite cotrimoxazole prophylaxis and absence of co-infections. a Representative IHC staining showing higher levels of CD14 expression on colonic macrophages of AIDS patients vs. uninfected healthy controls. b Representative histogram from flow cytometric analysis showing gating strategy and co-expression of CD14 in CD33+ cells. c Quantification of IHC analysis showing increased levels of CD14⁺ cells in the colon of AIDS patients relative to uninfected healthy controls; the median values and the statistical significance of the analysis between the two groups (p = 0.004) are indicated. d Summary of flow cytometric analyses showing increased expression of CD14 on CD33⁺ macrophages isolated from the colon of AIDS patients vs. uninfected healthy controls; the median values and the statistical significance of the analysis between the two groups are as indicated (p = 0.007). e Spearman correlations (R and p values) showing positive correlation between CD14⁺ macrophages in the colon of these patients and plasma levels of LPS (right panel). Results were considered significant if p < 0.05. Correlations were considered strong if r >0.6