Table 4 Baseline characteristics grouped by 30-day patient mortality
Overall (n = 80,330) | 30-day mortality (n = 15,909) | No 30-day mortality (n = 64,421) | P-value* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Patient age (years), median (IQR) | 78 (72–83) | 79 (74–84) | 77 (72–82) | < 0.0001 |
Male, % | 98.3 | 98.5 | 98.2 | 0.0100 |
Race, % | ||||
White | 81.1 | 77.3 | 82.0 | < 0.0001 |
Black | 13.1 | 14.9 | 12.6 | < 0.0001 |
Other | 5.8 | 7.8 | 5.3 | < 0.0001 |
Hispanic ethnicity, % | 7.0 | 7.9 | 6.8 | < 0.0001 |
MRSA risk score variables, % (1 point, unless noted) | ||||
Age >79 | 43.8 | 51.0 | 42.0 | < 0.0001 |
Hospitalization in the past 90 days (2 points) | 27.8 | 40.7 | 24.7 | < 0.0001 |
Intensive care unit admission (2 points) | 21.1 | 42.0 | 16.0 | < 0.0001 |
Outpatient IV antibiotic therapy in past 90 days | 4.9 | 6.0 | 4.7 | < 0.0001 |
Nursing home resident in last 90 days | 1.0 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 0.0292 |
Cerebrovascular disease | 18.1 | 20.0 | 17.7 | < 0.0001 |
Dementia | 5.2 | 6.7 | 4.9 | < 0.0001 |
Female with diabetes mellitus | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.8881 |
MRSA risk score, median (IQR) | 1 (0–3) | 2 (1–2) | 1 (0–2) | < 0.0001 |
Low (0–1), % | 51.4 | 28.4 | 57.1 | < 0.0001 |
Medium (2–5), % | 47.3 | 68.4 | 42.1 | < 0.0001 |
High (6–10), % | 1.3 | 3.25 | 0.9 | < 0.0001 |
Charlson comorbidity score, median (IQR) | 2 (1–4) | 3 (1–5) | 2 (1–4) | < 0.0001 |
Comorbid conditions, % | ||||
Myocardial infarction | 7.3 | 8.7 | 6.9 | < 0.0001 |
Heart failure | 25.9 | 28.2 | 25.4 | < 0.0001 |
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 48.7 | 41.7 | 50.4 | < 0.0001 |
Liver disease | 1.3 | 2.3 | 1.1 | < 0.0001 |
Renal disease | 14.1 | 16.7 | 13.4 | < 0.0001 |
Diabetes | 30.5 | 30.3 | 30.5 | 0.5493 |
Neoplastic disease | 25.2 | 31.1 | 23.8 | < 0.0001 |
HIV/AIDS | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2145 |
Medication use within 90 days, % | ||||
Cardiovascular medications | 66.5 | 60.0 | 68.0 | <0.0001 |
Anti-diabetic medications | 22.2 | 20.0 | 22.8 | <0.0001 |
Inhaled corticosteroids | 21.1 | 14.8 | 22.7 | <0.0001 |
Systemic corticosteroidsa | 22.2 | 21.1 | 22.5 | 0.0002 |
Pulmonary medications | 34.8 | 27.8 | 36.6 | < 0.0001 |
Vasopressors, % | 10.2 | 26.9 | 6.0 | < 0.0001 |
Invasive mechanical ventilation, % | 11.1 | 26.8 | 7.3 | < 0.0001 |
Noninvasive mechanical ventilation, % | 4.0 | 7.1 | 3.3 | < 0.0001 |
Hemodialysis, % | 18.3 | 23.5 | 17.0 | < 0.0001 |
Organ failure, % | ||||
Any organ failure, % | 32.2 | 57.8 | 25.9 | < 0.0001 |
Respiratory | 14.4 | 32.6 | 9.9 | < 0.0001 |
Cardiovascular | 9.7 | 22.1 | 6.7 | < 0.0001 |
Neurological | 2.5 | 4.2 | 2.0 | < 0.0001 |
Renal | 20.1 | 35.3 | 16.3 | < 0.0001 |
Hematologic | 4.1 | 8.3 | 3.0 | < 0.0001 |
Hepatic | 0.7 | 2.0 | 0.3 | < 0.0001 |
Antibiotic therapy, % | ||||
MRSA therapy | 36.4 | 42.9 | 34.8 | < 0.0001 |
Guideline-concordant CAP therapy | 64.1 | 38.6 | 70.4 | < 0.0001 |
Pseudomonal therapy | 17.5 | 23.8 | 15.9 | < 0.0001 |
Atypical therapy | 75.2 | 54.3 | 80.4 | < 0.0001 |