Table 4 Characteristics of the patients according to the carrier status of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) Enterobacteriaceae
From: First multicenter study on multidrug resistant bacteria carriage in Chinese ICUs
Characteristics | ESBL-Enterobacteriaceae carriage | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
On admission | ICU-acquired | Not carrier | P value * | |
n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | ||
Total | 224 (100.0) | 69 (100.0) | 393 (100.0) | |
Male (yes) | 137 (61.2) | 45 (65.2) | 223 (56.7) | 0.19 |
Severe/critical status on admission | 172 (76.8) | 53 (76.8) | 300 (76.3) | 1.0 |
Previous hospitalization | 111 (49.6) | 36 (52.2) | 145 (36.9) | 0.02 |
Origin of patients before ICUa | ||||
- community | 10 (4.5) | 4 (5.8) | 14 (3.6) | reference |
- emergency room | 38 (17.0) | 17 (24.6) | 60 (15.3) | 1.0 |
- other wards | 155 (69.2) | 42 (60.9) | 297 (75.6) | 0.27 |
- other hospitals | 12 (5.4) | 4 (5.8) | 14 (3.6) | 1.0 |
- others/no data | 7 (3.1) | 2 (2.9) | 7 (1.8) | 1.0 |
Invasive devices before ICU | 117 (52.2) | 29 (42.0) | 167 (42.5) | 0.94 |
Invasive devices in ICU | 212 (94.6) | 67 (97.1) | 361 (91.9) | 0.12 |
- mechanical ventilation | 119 (53.1) | 41 (59.4) | 221 (56.2) | 0.62 |
- indwelling urinary catheter | 202 (90.2) | 64 (92.8) | 363 (92.4) | 0.91 |
- intravascular catheter | 182 (81.3) | 56 (81.2) | 276 (70.2) | 0.06 |
Antibiotic in the last 3 months | 104 (46.4) | 37 (53.6) | 138 (35.1) | 0.003 |
Antibiotic on ICU admission | 185 (82.6) | 59 (85.5) | 342 (87.2) | 0.69 |
- > 1 drug | 72 (32.1) | 23 (33.3) | 137 (34.9) | 0.89 |
Antibiotic in ICU | ||||
- none | 16 (7.1) | 3 (4.4) | 16 (4.1) | reference |
- 1 drug | 98 (43.8) | 27 (39.1) | 189 (48.1) | 0.72 |
- 2 drugs | 64 (28.6) | 19 (27.5) | 125 (31.8) | 0.72 |
- > 2 drugs (3–7) | 46 (20.5) | 20 (29.0) | 63 (16.0) | 0.55 |
- penicillins | 3 (1.3) | 2 (2.9) | 5 (1.3) | 0.31 |
- penicillins + inhibitors | 62 (27.7) | 27 (39.1) | 104 (26.5) | 0.03 |
- cephalosporins 1st & 2nd G | 45 (20.1) | 7 (10.1) | 103 (26.2) | 0.004 |
- cephalosporins 3rd G /aztreonam | 75 (33.5) | 28 (40.6) | 122 (31.0) | 0.12 |
- carbapenems | 54 (24.1) | 20 (29.0) | 66 (16.8) | 0.02 |
- aminoglycosides | 4 (1.8) | 1 (1.5) | 8 (2.0) | 1.0 |
- fluoroquinolones | 41 (18.3) | 8 (11.6) | 66 (16.8) | 0.28 |
- glycopeptides | 39 (17.4) | 17 (24.6) | 60 (15.3) | 0.05 |
- others | 159 (71.0) | 17 (24.6) | 117 (29.8) | 0.39 |
Type of discharge at 28 ICU daysb | ||||
- discharged from hospital | 31 (13.8) | 10 (14.5) | 42 (10.7) | reference |
- remain in ICU | 16 (7.1) | 10 (14.5) | 10 (2.5) | 0.02 |
- other ward | 161 (71.9) | 40 (58.0) | 315 (80.2) | 0.11 |
- death | 15 (6.7) | 5 (7.2) | 25 (6.4) | 1.0 |
Median (range) | Median (range) | Median (range) | ||
Age (year) | 65 (9 – 91) | 64 (22–95) | 67 (15–94) | 0.60 |
Length of stay (days) | ||||
- in hospital before ICU admission | 7 (0 – >60) | 5 (0 – >60) | 6 (0 – >60) | 0.77 |
- in ICU | 4 (1 – >28) | 8 (2 – >28) | 4 (1 – >28) | <0.001 |
- before MDR acquisition | – | 7 (3–28) | – | |
Total antibiotic-days in ICU | 3 (0–28) | 4 (0–19) | 3 (0–25) | <0.001 |