Table 2 Main features of reported cases of Helcococcus kunzii infections
Sex/age of patient (years) | Underlying condition(s) | Type of infection | Treatment | Outcome | Other bacteria | Methods of identification | Author |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
M/41 | IV-drugs user | Bacteraemia | 3 weeks of penicillin G and cloxacillin IV | Recovery | None | -API 20 Strep system, (bioMérieux, Marcy l’Etoile, France), (code 4100413)-16S rDNA gene sequencing | Woo et al. 2005 [5] |
M/83 | Hypertension, diabetes, prostate cancer | Brain abscess | 2 weeks of ceftriaxone and metronidazole IV, then oral amoxicillin-clavulanic acid and then ceftriaxone and metronidazole and vancomycin IV. Total duration of antimicrobial therapy 12 weeks. | Recovery | None | -Vitek2 system, (bioMérieux, Marcy l’Etoile, France) -Matrix-assisted laser desorption time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS; Vitek MS bioMérieux) -16S rDNA gene sequencing | Sridhar et al. 2014 [19] |
M/55 | Smoker, alcoholic and IV-drugs user | Empyema thoracic | 8 weeks of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid | Recovery | None | -API 20 Strep system, (code 4100413) -16S rDNA gene sequencing | Woo et al.2005 [5] |
M/39 | Osteochondritis | Prosthetic joint chronic infection | Clindamycin and gentamicin | Recovery | None | -API 20 Strep system,(code 4100413) -16S rDNA gene sequencing | Perez-Jorge et al. 2011 [4] |
M/75 | NA | Infection of implantable cardiac device | Association of flucloxacilline (2 g × 4/day) and benzylpenicllin (2.4 × 4/day) IV then association of vancomycin and clindamycin (14 days) IV and then association of oral amoxicillin and rifampicin for four weeks | Recovery | None | -BBL CrystalTM System (Baltimore, MD, USA)-BD Phoenix TM Automated Microbiology System (Baltimore, MD, USA) -16S rDNA gene sequencing | Mc Nicholas et al. 2011 [6] |
W/57 | None | Breast abscess | Oral cephalexin (0.5 g/day) for 5 days | Recovery | None | -API 20S Strep system, (code 4100413),-16S rDNA gene sequencing | Chagla et al. 1998 [13] |
W/36 | None | Post chirurgical foot abscess | Pristinamycine and rifampicin | Recovery | None | -Rapid ID 32 Strep system (bioMérieux, Marcy l’Etoile, France), (Aerococcus viridans) -16S rDNA gene sequencing | Riegel et al. 2003 [18] |
M/36 | High blood pressure, obesity and hypercholesterolemia | Sebaceous cyst infection associated with cellulitis | Flucloxacillin (1 g × 4/day) IV and then oral flucloxacillin (0.5 g × 4/day) for 5 days | Recovery | None | -API 20 Strep system, (code 4100413) | Peel et al. 1997 [12] |
M/86 | Malignant melanoma and congenital thrombocytopenia | Osteomyelitis | Cefuroxime (3 × 1.5 g/day) and metronidazole (2 × 500 mg/day) and then amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (2 × 1 g/day) for 6 weeks PO | Recovery | Anaerobic bacteria and germs of normal skin flora | Not available | Stanger et al. 2013 [17] |
M/68 | Coronary artery disease and colonic polyps | Inner thigh wound from trauma | Vancomycin and piperacillin-tazobactam inpatient and cephalexin outpatient | NA | Staphylococcus aureus | -API 20 Strep system and VITEK 2 (bioMérieux, Marcy l’Etoile, France), | Chow et al. 2014 [11] |
-16S rDNA gene sequencing | |||||||
M/25 | Post-traumatic stress disorder | Toe abscess | Sulfamethoxazole, cephalexin | NA | Staphylococcus aureus | -API 20 Strep system and VITEK 2, | Chow et al. 2014 [11] |
-16S rDNA gene sequencing | |||||||
M/79 | Hypertension and severe intermittent claudication of both legs | Plantar phlegmon | Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (3 weeks), surgical debridement and incision and drainage of the phlegmon | NA | Klebsiella oxytoca, Bacteroides fragilis | -VITEK 2 GP card identification system (bioMérieux, Marcy l’Etoile, France) -16S rDNA gene sequencing | Lemaître et al. 2008[16] |
M/58 | Diabetes and end-stage renal disease | Ulcerative lesion of foot | 3 weeks of piperacillin/tazobactam IV | Recovery | Proteus mirabilis | -Matrix-assisted laser desorption time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS; Bruker GmbH, Bremen, Germany) | Park et al. 2014 [15] |
-Vitek2 GP system (bio-Mérieux, Marcy l’Etoile, France) | |||||||
-16S rDNA gene sequencing |