Table 1 Search strategy and selection criteria for neonatal infection and bacterial resistance articles in developing countries (2000-May 2014)
Search strategy | |
|---|---|
For the BI search, each DC was cross-linked with search terms “Bacterial Infections” OR “Sepsis” OR “bacter*” AND “epidemiology”. For the AR search, each DC was cross-linked with “Drug resistance, bacterial” OR (“antibiotic resistance” AND “bacter*”) AND “epidemiology”. Both searches were restricted to English language articles and the BI search was restricted to the PubMed “infant” age category (birth-23 months). Both searches were also limited by excluding the keywords and MeSH terms “travel”, “candida”, “HIV infection”, “leprosy”, “tuberculosis”, “tetanus”, “malaria”, “cholera”, or “helicobacter”. The BI search was further limited by excluding the keywords “immunization”, “immunization program”, and “vaccination”. | |
Inclusion criteria | |
Infant infection search (BI) | Resistance search (AR) |
● Information on bacterial infections including either etiology or disease burden/incidence | ● Bacterial pathogens |
● Community acquired infections | ● Community acquired infections |
● Methodologically sound including clear inclusion criteria | ● Information on antibiotic resistance profile of pathogen (proportion resistance/susceptible, etc.) |
● Sound microbiological methods/citation of guidelines used | ● Sound microbiological methods/citation of guidelines used |
● Neonatal specific information presented | ● Information on pathogen source and/or clinical information |
● Neonatal specific information presented | |
Exclusion criteria | |
Both branches | |
● Review study or expert opinion | |
● Outside of developing country list | |
● Purely nosocomial infections or no possibility to extract only community acquired infections from data | |
● Pathogen not in the restricted list, including Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Campylobacter, Helicobacter, Vibrio, Clostridium tetani, or any Mycobacteria | |
● Obvious methodological weakness including sampling methods | |
● Insufficient number of isolates/insufficient number of isolates for follow-up period (minimum 10 isolates per year) | |
● Data collection done principally before 2000 | |
Infant infection search (BI) | Resistance search (AR) |
● Ages outside of range of interest or ages of interest non-extractable | ● Insufficient epidemiological info on sample source/patients/no. of bacteria isolated from neonates |