Table 1 Individual level factors associated with HIV and HCV infections in bio-behavioural study, Poland 2004 to2005

Total

763

137 (18.0)

448 (58.7)

Region

Lubelskie

87

25 (28.7)

38 (43.7)

2.65 (1.04-6.7)

0.0004

0.44 (0.19-1)

0.0176

Lubuskie

156

14 (9.0)

86 (55.1)

1.98 (0.7-5.63)

2.04 (0.91-4.58)

Śląskie

60

8 (13.3)

41 (68.3)

0.71 (0.27-1.9)

1.39 (0.59-3.3)

Warmińsko-mazurskie

82

2 (2.4)

49 (59.8)

0.22 (0.04-1.13)

1.19 (0.49-2.89)

Dolnośląskie

200

32 (16.0)

120 (60.0)

2.78 (1.44-5.39)

0.73 (0.4-1.32)

Mazowieckie

178

56 (31.5)

114 (64.0)

ref.

ref.

Recruitment site

Street/low-threshold

507

111 (21.9)

300 (59.2)

3.8 (1.75-8.25)

0.001

1.4 (0.76-2.59)

0.285

Drug treatment centre

256

26 (10.2)

148 (57.8)

ref.

ref.

Social welfare/pension as current main source of income

Yes

241

82 (34.0)

179 (74.3)

1.95 (1.17-3.26)

0.010

1.32 (0.81-2.16)

0.263

No

509

55 (10.8)

264 (51.9)

ref.

ref.

Currently working or in school

No

488

124 (25.4)

343 (70.3)

3.27 (1.52-7.03)

0.002

2.9 (1.79-4.68)

<0.0001

Yes

261

12 (5.0)

100 (38.3)

ref.

ref.

Homelessness

In last 12 months

149

58 (38.9)

110 (73.8)

2.56 (1.43-4.58)

0.0062

1.07 (0.63-1.82)

0.3310

Before last 12 months

127

29 (22.8)

91 (71.7)

1.74 (0.91-3.32)

1.54 (0.87-2.71)

Never

474

50 (10.5)

242 (51.1)

ref.

ref.

Imprisonments

In last 12 months

158

41 (26.0)

118 (74.7)

2.26 (1.18-4.36)

0.0482

2.4 (1.29-4.47)

0.0223

Before last 12 months

183

45 (24.6)

128 (70.0)

1.27 (0.71-2.28)

1.25 (0.77-2.03)

Never

409

51 (12.5)

197 (48.2)

ref.

ref.

First injection

2 to 5 years ago

215

19 (8.8)

110 (51.2)

4.03 (1.09-14.9)

<0.0001

1.24 (0.69-2.21)

<0.0001

>5 years ago

369

113 (30.6)

268 (72.6)

12.37 (3.59-42.64)

3.3 (1.82-5.96)

<2 years ago

124

4 (3.2)

53 (42.7)

ref.

ref.

Periods of everyday injecting

Yes

620

132 (21.3)

421 (67.9)

1.69 (0.45-6.3)

0.436

3.98 (1.74-9.15)

0.001

No

113

5 (4.4)

18 (15.9)

ref.

ref.

Sharing needles/syringes

Shared but disinfected in >1/2 such occasions

75

9 (12.0)

46 (61.3)

0.64 (0.28-1.47)

0.0132

0.69 (0.38-1.26)

0.0406

Shared and disinfected in < =1/2 such occasions

337

85 (25.2)

240 (71.2)

1.79 (1.02-3.16)

1.4 (0.88-2.24)

Never shared

270

36 (13.3)

127 (47.0)

ref.

ref.

Used opioids last 30 days

Yes

569

116 (20.4)

383 (67.3)

0.83 (0.35-1.93)

0.657

2.62 (1.45-4.71)

0.001

No

194

21 (10.8)

65 (33.5)

ref.

ref.

Injected last 30 days

Yes

599

126 (21.0)

406 (67.8)

1.4 (0.46-4.27)

0.555

5.02 (2.55-9.89)

<0.0001

No

164

11 (6.7)

42 (25.6)

ref.

ref.