From: Primary and secondary cases in Escherichia coliO157 outbreaks: a statistical analysis
 | Ill Cases | Confirmed Cases | Primary Cases | Secondary Cases |
---|---|---|---|---|
Country | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   United States | 25.2 (14.7, 43.1) | 14.5 (8.6, 24.6) | 6.2 (3.2, 12.2) | 2 (2,6) |
   England & Wales | 11.9 (7.9, 17.9) | 10.8 (7.5, 15.6) | 4.7 (2.8, 7.8) | 3 (1,7) |
   Scotland | 14.5 (7.5, 31.7) | 14.4 (7.5, 27.6) | 9.3 (3.9, 21.8) | 2 (0,5) |
   Canada | 13.4 (7.2, 24.9) | 9.4 (4.8, 18.7) | 5.5 (2.3, 13.4) | 2 (1,5) |
   Japan | 52.9 (17.2, 163.3) | 43.3 (14.8, 126.4) | 23.8 (3.4, 164.2) | 3 (0,22) |
Median age | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   < 6 years | 13.9 (9.0, 21.5) | 10.4 (6.5, 16.7) | 2.0 (1.2, 3.4) | 6 (3,13) |
   6–16 years | 18.9 (10.2, 35.0) | 14.5 (8.5, 25.0) | 8.3 (4.2, 16.4) | 2 (2,4) |
   17 – 59 years | 20.2 (11.4, 35.7) | 13.2 (7.5, 23.1) | 10.2 (5.5, 19.0) | 2 (0,2) |
   60+ years | 29.5 (9.9, 88.4) | 20.7 (11.1, 38.5) | 10.9 (1.8, 65.1) | 4 (0,10) |
Mode of Primary Transmission | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   Animal/Environmental | 6.7 (3.6, 12.7) | 6.6 (3.5, 12.5) | 5.1 (2.4, 10.7) | 1 (0,3) |
   Dairy products | 12.0 (5.6, 25.7) | 10.4 (4.9, 22.1) | 8.1 (3.5, 18.8) | 1 (0,5) |
   Food | 33.8 (21.6, 52.8) | 20.9 (13.4, 32.4) | 18.1(11.5, 28.4) | 2 (1,2) |
   Water | 8.5 (4.5, 16.1) | 8.3 (4.2, 16.1) | 6.3 (3.5, 11.5) | 1.5 (1,6) |
   Unknown | 14.2 (10.5, 19.1) | 11.3 (8.2, 15.5) | 1.4 (1.0, 2.0) | 11 (5,17) |
Mode of Secondary Transmission | Â | Â | Â | Â |
   P-P home | 23.8 (15.7, 36.2) | 19.8 (13.4, 29.1) | 11.9 (7.2, 19.6) | 2 (2,5) |
   P-P nursery | 25.8 (18.0, 37.1) | 15.7 (10.2, 24.3) | 1.4 (0.8, 2.6) | 15.5 (9,22) |
   P-P other | 15.5 (5.7, 41.9) | 11.2 (5.3, 23.9) | 6.0 (1.9, 19.0) | 3 (1,10) |
   Water | 11.9 (5.6, 25.5) | 9.9 (4.3, 23.0) | 1.6 (0.5, 4.9) | 5 (3,17) |