High incidence of antimicrobial resistant organisms including extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureusin nasopharyngeal and blood isolates of HIV-infected children from Cape Town, South Africa

Table 4 NP isolates and resistance to TMP-SMX and other selected antimicrobials

Organisms isolated	Resistant to TMP-SMX	Resistance to selected antibiotics
S. pneumoniae	43 (89.6%)	Pen 20 (41.7%)# CTX 1 (2.1%)
Gram negative respiratory
H. influenzae	20 (80%)	Amp 3 (12%); Amox/clav 1 (4%)
M. catarrhalis	2 (18.2%) Δ	† Beta-lactamase +ve 12 (85.7%)
S. aureus	40 (91%)	Clox – 34 (77.3%) Gent 36 (81.8%), Amik – 0
Enterobacteriaceae	29 (90.6%)	CTX 16 (50%); Gent 18 (56%); Amik 5 (15.6%); PTZ 10 – 31.3%) Mero – 0
Pseudomonas	0	Gent – 1 (20%); Amik – 0

Clox – cloxacillin, Gent – gentamicin, Amik – amikacin, Pen – penicillin; CTX – cefotaxime; Amp – ampicillin, Amox/clav – amoxicillin-clavulanate
# S. pneumoniae – MIC performed in 18 isolates: 7 (38.9%) fully sensitive (MIC ≤ 0.06 μg/ml) 9 (50%) with intermediate resistance (MIC 0.12 – 1 μg/ml) and 2 (11.1%) with high level resistance (MIC ≥2 mg/ml) to penicillin
M. catarrhalis: Δ 11 isolates tested for MIC; † 14 of 17 isolates tested for beta-lactamase production. No significant differences for resistance to penicillin, cloxacillin, cefotaxime, gentamicin, amikacin and TMP-SMX by present or previous exposure to TMP-SMX

ISSN: 1471-2334