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Table 4 Prevalence estimates and pairwise comparisons, threat perception questions, by socio-demographic subgroups and health status

From: Pandemic influenza in Australia: Using telephone surveys to measure perceptions of threat and willingness to comply

Population

Pandemic influenza likely

(% very/extremely likely)

Concern for self/family

(% very/extremely concerned)

Changed life

(% a little/moderately/a lot/extremely)

Pandemic influenza likely + concerned for self/family

Pandemic influenza likely + concerned +life changed

 

% (95% CI)

% (95% CI)

% (95% CI)

% (95% CI)

% (95% CI)

Total NSW population ‡

14.9 (12.8, 17.2)

45.5 (42.4, 48.6)

23.8 (20.9, 26.6)

9.9 (8.0, 11.8)

4.37 (2.8, 5.9)

Gender

     

Male

14.2 (10.6, 17.8)

43.5 (38.6, 48.4)

23.5 (18.9, 28.0)

9.3 (6.1, 12.4)

4.8 (2.0, 7.6)

Female

15.8 (13.2, 18.3)

47.6 (43.8, 51.4)

24.0 (20.7, 27.4)

10.5 (8.5, 12.5)

4.0 (2.8, 5.2)

Age §

     

16–24

8.7 (3.6, 13.8)*

33.9 (24.3, 43.5)*

28.1(18.2, 38.0)

3.4 (6.1, 12.4)***

0.9 (0, 2.2)***

25–34

9.9 (4.8, 14.9)

43.2 (34.3, 52.0)

20.5 (13.6, 27.4)

6.1 (8.5, 12.5)

2.5 (0.2, 4.8)

35–44

16.0 (9.1, 22.9)

47.9 (39.7, 56.1)

27.7 (19.8, 35.5)

10.4 (0.3, 6.5)

4.8 (0, 10.7)

45–54

17.1 (12.7, 21.5)

50.0 (43.5, 56.5)

22.0 (16.8, 27.1)

13.1 (2.4, 9.8)

7.2 (3.7, 10.6)

55–64

19.0 (14.0, 24.0)

47.4 (41.3, 53.5)

21.8 (16.5, 27.0)

13.0 (4.0, 16.8)

5.1 (1.6, 8.5)

65–74

20.6 (15.5, 25.7)*

46.3 (40.3, 52.4)

23.2 (17.9, 28.5)

13.7 (9.0, 17.1)

5.8 (2.4, 9.1)

75+

17.6 (11.8, 24.3)

54.9 (47.0, 62.8)*

19.8 (13.1, 26.6)

13.3 (8.7, 17.3)

4.9 (1.7, 8.0)

Children in household

     

Yes

11.6 (7.3, 15.9)

46.7 (40.6, 52.8)

26.5 (20.8, 32.3)

7.8 (3.9, 11.8)

4.2 (0.6, 7.8)

No

16.6 (13.7, 19.4)

44.3 (40.2, 48.4)

22.8 (19.2, 26.3)

10.6 (8.4, 12.8)

4.5 (3.0, 6.1)

Born in Australia

     

Yes

15.3 (12.8, 17.9)

46.4 (42.8, 50.0)

21.8(18.7, 25.0)*

9.9 (7.7, 12.0)

4.3 (2.4, 6.2)

No

13.9 (9.5, 18.2)

42.9 (36.5, 49.2)

29.3 (23.2, 35.5)

10.0 (6.2, 13.7)

4.6 (2.0, 7.2)

Speak language other than English at home

     

Yes

13.5 (7.2, 19.8)

46.5 (37.5, 55.5)

36.3 (27.4, 45.3)**

10.3 (4.8, 15.9)

4.7 (1.0, 8.4)

No

15.3 (12.9, 17.6)

45.3 (42.0, 48.6)

21.4 (18.6, 24.3)

9.8 (7.8, 11.8)

4.3 (2.6, 6.0)

Location

     

Urban

13.1 (10.1, 16.0)*

45.0 (40.8, 49.2)

24.7 (20.9, 28.5)

8.5 (6.0, 11.0)*

4.3 (2.1, 6.5

Rural

19.1 (16.3, 22.0)

46.6 (42.6, 50.5)

21.7 (18.4, 25.0)

12.8 (10.4, 15.3)

4.5 (3.1, 6.0)

Living alone

     

Yes

18.7 (14.9, 22.5)

47.4 (42.6, 52.3)

19.4 (15.7, 23.1)*

13.5 (10.1, 16.9)*

4.3 (2.4, 6.0)

No

14.5 (12.1, 17.0)

45.3 (41.8, 48.8)

24.3 (21.2, 27.5)

9.4 (7.4, 11.5)

4.4 (2.7, 6.1)

Highest formal qualification §

     

None

27.4 (18.2, 36.6)*

53.5 (44.0, 62.9)

26.1 (18.2, 34.0)

18.3 (11.2, 25.4)*

8.7 (3.2, 14.1)

School certificate

16.8 (12.5, 21.0)

45.9 (39.9, 51.8)

22.7 (17.8, 27.7)

9.6 (6.9, 12.3)

3.7 (2.1, 5.4)

High school certificate

11.5 (7.2, 15.9)

39.6 (31.7, 47.6)

22.1 (15.0, 29.3)

8.2 (4.6, 11.8)

3.8 (1.7, 5.9)

TAFE certificate/diploma

15.4 (10.9, 19.8)

44.1 (37.7, 50.6)

24.3 (18.4, 30.2)

9.2 (5.7, 12.6)

3.7 (1.1, 6.2)

University degree/equivalent

13.2 (8.7, 17.7)

47.6 (41.5, 53.6)

24.2 (18.5, 30.0)

10.1 (5.7, 14.4)

4.9 (0.9, 8.9)

Employed

     

Yes

13.5 (10.6, 16.0)*

44.9 (40.6, 49.3)

22.5 (18.8, 26.3)

8.5 (6.4, 10.5)*

3.3 (1.9, 4.6)

No

18.1 (14.7, 21.4)

47.2 (42.7, 51.6)

24.1 (20.1, 28.2)

12.3 (9.6, 15.1)

5.2 (3.1, 7.3)

Household income §

     

< $20 k

21.2(15.8, 26.6)*

45.9 (39.4, 52.3)

30.1 (23.0, 37.1)

16.1 (11.3, 20.8)*

7.0 (3.6, 10.4)

$20 k – $40 k

18.8 (13.8, 23.8)

47.2 (39.9, 54.6)

25.6 (18.8, 32.4)

12.5 (8.6, 16.4)

5.1 (2.3, 7.8)

$40 k – $60 k

18.9 (13.1, 24.7)

46.6 (38.7, 54.5)

24.8 (17.6, 32.0)

10.8 (6.6, 15.1)

2.3 (0.6, 3.9)

$60 k – $80 k

17.2(7.1, 27.3)

45.5 (35.0, 55.9)

19.5 (9.8, 29.2)

12.1 (2.1, 22.0)

7.4 (0, 17.0)

> $80 k

9.0 (5.8, 12.3)**

43.9 (37.5, 50.2)

22.0 (16.7, 27.4)

5.2 (2.9, 7.5)**

2.4 (1.0, 3.9)

High psychological distress (≥ 22) ψ

     

Yes

21.5 (12.0, 30.9)

46.0 (35.3, 56.7)

30.0 (19.8, 40.2)

16.5 (8.0, 25.0)

8.8 (2.3, 15.4)

No

14.1 (11.4, 16.8)

45.7 (41.4, 50.0)

22.6 (18.9, 26.2)

8.5 (6.5, 10.4)

3.0 (1.9, 4.1)

Positive self-rated health status (good, very good, excellent)

     

Yes

13.9 (10.5, 17.2)*

43.7(39.1, 48.3)*

22.4 (18.2, 26.5)*

8.6 (5.7, 11.5)*

3.7 (1.2, 6.3)

No

23.4 (15.3, 31.5)

56.0 (47.1, 64.9)

32.7 (23.5, 41.9)

17.9 (4.0, 10.1)

10.3 (3.2, 17.4)

  1. Notes: Level of statistical significance: * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001. ‡ Population level frequencies do not agree with Table 3 as don't know/refused responses were excluded from this analysis. § For pairwise comparison testing in subgroups with more than two categories comparisons are made between each subgroup prevalence and the overall population prevalence. ψPsychological distress was measured using the K10. Values range from 10–50, with 'high' psychological distress considered as being ≥ 22. Source: New South Wales Health Survey Program. Sydney: New South Wales Department of Health, 2008.
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