Table 3 Intrathoracic disease manifestations on chest radiograph based on HIV status in children with culture-confirmed tuberculosis
From: Culture-confirmed childhood tuberculosis in Cape Town, South Africa: a review of 596 cases
Intrathoracic disease manifestationb | All childrena n = 555 (%) | HIV-uninfected n = 274 (%) | HIV-infected n = 126 (%) | HIV unknown n = 155 (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Lymphadenopathy (all) | 288 (51.9) | 142 (51.8) | 71 (56.3) | 75 (48.4) |
Paratracheal only | 18 (3.2) | 9 | 5 | 4 |
Perihilar only | 192 (34.6) | 91 | 46 | 55 |
Both | 78 (14.1) | 42 | 20 | 16 |
Large airway compression | 97 (17.5) | 54 (19.7) | 17 (13.5) | 26 (16.8) |
Perihilar opacification | 38 (6.8) | 15 (5.5) | 8 (6.3) | 15 (9.7) |
Alveolar opacification lobe/segment e | 285 (51.4) | 128 (46.7) | 84 (66.7) | 73 (47.1) |
Bronchopneumonic opacification | 55 (9.9) | 28 (10.2) | 12 (9.5) | 15 (9.7) |
Collapse lobe/segment | 52 (9.4) | 23 (8.4) | 14 (11.1) | 15 (9.7) |
All cavities/breakdownf | 106 (19.1) | 44 (16.1) | 33 (26.2) | 29 (18.7) |
Pleural effusion (all) | 83 (15.0) | 37 (13.5) | 17 (13.5) | 29 (18.7) |
Large effusions | 29 (5.2) | 9 (3.3) | 5 (4.0) | 15 (9.7)c |
Pericardial effusion | 11 (2.0) | 6 (2.1) | 3 (2.3) | 2 (1.1) |
Miliary picture | 69 (12.4) | 44 (16.1) | 19 (15.1) d | 6 (3.9) |
Ghon focus | 26 (4.7) | 18 (6.6) | 3 (2.4) | 5 (3.2) |
Hyperinflation | 15 (2.7) | 6 (2.2) | 5 (4.0) | 4 (2.6) |
Calcification | 13 (2.3) | 4 (1.5) | 4 (3.2) | 5 (3.2) |
Normal chest radiographg | 53 (9.5) | 32 (11.7) | 5 (4.0) | 16 (10.3) |