From: HIV infection and risk factors among Bangkok prisoners, Thailand: a prospective cohort study
Risk factors | Risk before and during incarceration, Number (%) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
No/No | Yes/No | No/Yes | Yes/Yes | p-values | |
Heroin injection | 338(49.1) | 83(12.0) | 80(11.6) | 188 (27.3) | <0.001 |
Injection risk among 351 heroin injectors | |||||
- Sharing injection paraphernalia | 18 (5.1) | 74(21.1) | 92(26.2) | 167 (47.6) | 0.007 |
- Presence of injection scar(s) on the body* | 190 (54.1) | 161(45.9) | |||
- Positive urine opiates* | 273 (77.8) | 78(22.2) | |||
- Having attended withdrawal clinics* | 240 (63.4) | 111(36.6) | |||
- Injection duration >7 years* | 205 (58.4) | 144(41.0) | |||
Presence of tattoos | 228 (33.1) | 127 (18.4) | 168 (24.4) | 166(24.1) | 0.003 |
Sharing razor blades with others | 150 (21.8) | 31 (4.5) | 211 (30.6) | 297(43.1) | <0.001 |
Ever receiving blood transfusion | 635 (92.2) | 51 (7.4) | 1 (0.2) | 2(0.3) | 0.017** |
Ever visiting prostitute* | 128 (18.6) | 561 (81.4) | |||
Having sex with non-wife women* | 144 (20.9) | 545 (79.1) | |||
Having sex without condom | 21(3.8) | 531(79.1) | 7(1.0) | 130(18.9) | 0.652 |
Having sex with men | 507(73.6) | 40 (5.8) | 78(11.3) | 64 (9.3) | <0.001 |
Having sexually transmitted diseases | 393 (57.0) | 288(41.8) | 1 (0.2) | 7 (1.0) | 0.024** |