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Table 6 Reproduction numbers from novel influenza outbreaks

From: Estimates of the reproduction number for seasonal, pandemic, and zoonotic influenza: a systematic review of the literature

Year(s) Subtype Study Population Mean GT/SIa Reproduction number (R) 95% CIb Basic or Effective Case definition Reference Year Published
1976 H1N1 New Jersey 1.9 1.20 1.1–1.4 Basic Serologically confirmed illness [122] 2007
2004–2006 H5N1 Vietnam 7 0.00 0–0.42 Effective Laboratory confirmed illness [119] 2008
2004–2006 H5N1 Indonesia 7 0.00 0–0 Effective Laboratory confirmed illness [119] 2008
2005 H5N1 Turkey 9.5 <1   Basic Laboratory confirmed illness [123] 2007
2005–2009 H5N1 Indonesia 6 0.1–0.25 0–0.4 Effective Laboratory confirmed illness [124] 2012
2006 H5N1 Indonesia 9.5 1.14 0.61–2.14 Basic Laboratory confirmed illness [123] 2007
Median reproduction number for novel influenza outbreaks: 0.34; Interquartile range 0.05–0.98
  1. aThe generation time (GT) or serial interval (SI) assumed in the reproduction number estimation.
  2. NR = Not reported.
  3. bConfidence interval.
  4. This table is also available as a .csv file as Additional file 6.
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