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Table 3 Possible Prediction Rules for Oesophageal Varices

From: Oesophageal varices, schistosomiasis, and mortality among patients admitted with haematemesis in Mwanza, Tanzania: a prospective cohort study

Rule

Sensitivity (95% CI)

Specificity (95% CI)

PPV (95% CI)

NPV (95% CI)

Single clinical condition:

    

Splenomegaly

92 (83–97)

85 (68–94)

94 (85–98)

82 (64–92)

Live within 5 km of the lake

83 (72–90)

70 (52–84)

87 (76–93)

63 (46–78)

Water sourced from lake

52 (40–63)

100 (88–100)

100 (90–100)

47 (34–59)

Ascites

50 (38–62)

89 (72–96)

91 (78–97)

43 (31–56)

History of praziquantel

50 (38–62)

81 (63–92)

86 (72–94)

41 (29–54)

Fisherman

25 (16–37)

100 (88–100)

100 (81–100)

36 (26–47)

Ultrasound single condition:

    

Portal vein diameter ≥ 13 mm

95 (87–98)

93 (77–98)

97 (89–99)

89 (73–96)

Combinations of clinical conditions:

    

Splenomegaly or water sourced from lake

94 (85–98)

85 (68–94)

94 (85–98)

85 (68–94)

Combinations of clinical and ultrasound conditions:

    

Portal vein diameter ≥ 13 mm or water sourced from lake

98 (92–100)

93 (77–98)

97 (89–99)

96 (81–99)

Portal vein diameter ≥ 13 mm or water sourced from lake or ascites

98 (92–100)

89 (72–96)

95 (87–98)

96 (80–99)

Portal vein diameter ≥ 13 mm or fisherman

95 (87–98)

93 (77–98)

97 (89–99)

89 (73–96)

Portal vein diameter ≥ 13 mm or ascites

95 (87–98)

89 (72–96)

95 (87–98)

89 (72–96)

  1. This table shows single-condition rules and rules which met our primary criteria of sensitivity and PPV ≥ 90%, and additionally had specificity and NPV ≥ 85%.