Table 1 Baseline characteristics of student participants across study arms, Hamilton, Canada, 2010 and 2011
|  | Vitamin D & gargling(N = 150) | Vitamin D & No gargling (N = 150) | Placebo & gargling (N = 150) | Placebo & No gargling (N = 150) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, median years (IQR) | 19 (18-20) | 19 (18-21) | 19 (18-20) | 19 (18-21) |
Female, No. (%) | 96 (64.0) | 97 (64.7) | 100 (66.7) | 89 (59.3) |
Living in residence, No. (%) | 48 (32.0) | 50 (33.3) | 50 (33.3) | 49 (32.7) |
Asthma, No. (%) | 14 (9.3) | 16 (10.7) | 16 (10.7) | 12 (8.0) |
≥ 7 Hours sleep, No. (%) | 114 (76.0) | 102 (68.0) | 111 (74.0) | 116 (77.3) |
Exercise, mean hours (SD) | 5.1 (4.2) | 4.9 (3.5) | 4.8 (4.9) | 4.8 (4.0) |
Hand washing before meals, No.(%) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Never | 34 (22.7) | 30 (20.0) | 36 (24.0) | 42 (28.0) |
Usually | 75 (50.0) | 71 (47.3) | 68 (45.3) | 70 (46.7) |
Always | 40 (26.7) | 45 (30.0) | 42 (28.0) | 35 (23.3) |
Smoking, No. (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Occasionally | 6 (4.0) | 5 (3.3) | 6 (4.0) | 6 (4.0) |
Daily | 0 | 1 (0.7) | 2 (1.3) | 4 (2.7) |
Vitamin use, No. (%) | 30 (20.0) | 40 (26.7) | 34 (22.7) | 21 (14.0) |
Daily gargling, No. (%) | 15 (10.0) | 19 (12.7) | 18 (12.0) | 8 (5.3) |