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Table 2 Association of HIV/HCV group with concurrently elevated (>75th percentile) inflammatory biomarkers

From: Human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis C, and inflammatory biomarkers in individuals with alcohol problems: a cross-sectional study

Model A (N = 218)

Unadjusted

Adjusteda

 

POR(95% CI)

p-value

POR(95% CI)

p-value

Undetectable

1

--

1

--

  HIV mono-detectable

1.89 (1.03, 3.46)

0.04

1.52 (0.68, 3.41)

0.31

  HCV mono-detectable

2.70 (1.29, 5.68)

<0.01

2.95 (1.08, 8.01)

0.03

  HIV/HCV detectable

3.48 (1.87, 6.46)

<0.01

2.49 (1.05, 5.89)

0.04

FIB-4 ≥ 1.45

--

--

2.56 (1.39, 4.35)

<0.01

High cholesterol

--

--

1.74 (0.97, 3.14)

0.06

Age greater than median (42 yrs)

--

--

0.61 (0.36, 1.04)

0.07

BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2

--

--

1.81 (0.93, 3.54)

0.08

Ever smoker

--

--

1.53 (0.85, 2.78)

0.16

CD4 > 200 cells/mm3

--

--

0.63 (0.31, 1.26)

0.19

Renal disease

--

--

2.15 (0.67, 6.86)

0.20

Diabetes

--

--

1.90 (0.58, 6.21)

0.29

Current antiretroviral therapy use

--

--

0.74 (0.42, 1.31)

0.30

Prevalent cardiovascular disease

--

--

1.82 (0.56, 5.97)

0.32

Hypertension

--

--

0.78 (0.42, 1.45)

0.44

At-risk alcohol consumption

--

--

0.94 (0.55, 1.62)

0.83

Female

--

--

1.03 (0.55, 1.94)

0.93

  1. aModel adjusted for age, gender, FIB-4 score, at-risk drinking, CD4 count, ART use, and self-reported comorbidity.
  2. The ordinal logistic regression model estimates the proportional odds of having more than N concurrently elevated biomarkers versus N or fewer where N = 0, 1, 2, or 3 or more.
  3. P OR proportional odds ratio, HIV human immunodeficiency virus, HCV hepatitis C virus, FIB 4-liver fibrosis index-4, BMI body mass index, CD4-CD4+ T-lymphocyte count.