Table 2 Meningococcal meningitis among children aged < 60 months in China, Korea and Vietnam by age and gender group, 1999 through 2002*
Characteristics | PCR-confirmed | Culture-confirmed | Total | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
China | Korea | Vietnam | Vietnam | ||
(n = 56) | (n = 92) | (n = 110) | (n = 10) | (n = 268)b | |
N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | |
Age (months) | |||||
 < 1 | 17 (30.4) | 28 (30.4) | 23 (20.9) | 1 (10.0) | 69 (25.7) |
 1-6 | 11 (19.6) | 26 (28.3) | 29 (26.4) | 1 (10.0) | 67 (25.0) |
 7-11 | 5 (8.9) | 4 (4.3) | 21 (19.1) | 4 (40.0) | 34 (12.7) |
 12-23 | 11 (19.6) | 11 (12.0) | 9 (8.2) | 3 (30.0) | 34 (12.7) |
 24-35 | 3 (5.4) | 4 (4.3) | 8 (7.3) | 1 (10.0) | 16 (6.0) |
 36-47 | 6 (10.7) | 11 (12.0) | 11 (10.0) | 0 | 28 (10.4) |
 48-59 | 3 (5.4) | 8 (8.7) | 9 (8.2) | 0 | 20 (7.5) |
Gender | |||||
 Female | 13 (23.2) | 31 (33.7) | 53 (48.2) | 5 (50.0) | 102 (38.1) |
 Male | 43 (76.8) | 61 (66.3) | 57 (51.8) | 5 (50.0) | 166 (61.9) |
Clinical features | |||||
 Lethargy/coma | 19 (33.9) | 8 (8.7) | 60 (54.5) | 4 (40.0) | 91 (34.0) |
 Irritability/confusion | 17 (30.4) | 7 (7.6) | 29 (26.4) | 4 (40.0) | 57 (21.3) |
 Nuchal rigidity | 17 (30.4) | 7 (7.6) | 43 (39.1) | 6 (60.0) | 71 (26.5) |
 Seizure | 30 (53.6) | 13 (14.1) | 51 (46.4) | 4 (40.0) | 98 (36.6) |
 Vomiting | 3 (5.4) | 18 (19.6) | 64 (58.2) | 7 (70.0) | 92 (34.3) |
 Bulging fontanelle | 8 (14.3) | 1 (1.1) | 31 (28.2) | 2 (20.0) | 42 (15.7) |
 Fever or septic appearance | 29 (51.8) | 80 (87.0) | 82 (74.5) | 9 (90.0) | 200 (74.6) |
Outcome | |||||
 Alive | 53 (94.6) | UK | UK | 8 (80.0) | NA |
 Deceased | 3 (5.4) | UK | UK | 2 (20.0) | NA |
Prior antibiotic usage | |||||
 Yes | 23 (41.1) | 53 (57.6) | 78 (70.9) | 10 (100.0) | 164 (61.2) |