Table 2 Patient characteristics at time of diagnosis

Age, mean (SD)

51.0 (18.2)

66.6 (16.4)

57.5 (19.1)

<0.001

18 – 49, %

49.4

15.8

35.5

<0.001

50 – 64,%

25.0

25.3

25.1

65 – 74, %

12.1

21.2

15.8

>74, %

13.5

37.8

23.6

Gender (male), %

55.6

55.6

55.6

NS

Residence, %

Private home

87.1

90.0

88.3

<0.001

Health/geriatric institution

12.9

10.0

11.7

Pneumonia Severity Index, mean score

51.4

86.7

66.0

<0.001

I-II, %

79.4

29.9

58.9

<0.001

III, %

13.2

25.7

18.4

IV-V, %

7.4

44.4

22.7

Radiological findings:

Unilobar, %

99.4

87.1

94.3

<0,001

Multilobar, %

0.0

4.1

1.7

Bilateral, %

0.6

8.7

4.0

Glycemia, mg/dL, mean (SD)

109.8 (25.1)

142.0 (53.4)

130.2 (47.7)

<0.001

Comorbidity, %

No. of conditions, mean (SD)

6.0 (3.9)

7.8 (4.2)

6.8 (4.8)

<0.001

Hypertension

29.7

57.7

41.3

<0.001

Diabetes mellitus

9.7

29.9

18.1

<0.001

Dyslipemia

32.6

37.3

34.6

NS

Obesity

25.6

25.3

25.5

NS

Current smoker

25.6

25.3

25.5

NS

History of alcoholism

3.8

5.4

4.5

NS

Ischemic heart disease

7.6

11.2

9.1

NS

Stroke

1.8

13.7

6.7

<0.001

Liver disease

1.2

8.3

4.1

<0.001

Heart failure

3.8

16.2

9.0

<0.001

Renal insufficiency

4.1

14.1

8.3

<0.001

Asthma

9.7

12.4

10.8

NS

COPD^b

11.8

36.5

22.0

<0.001

Neuropathies

2.6

3.7

3.1

NS

Dementia

1.8

13.3

6.5

<0.001

Depression

14.7

22.4

17.9

0.017

Malignancies

9.4

14.9

11.7

0.041

AIDS

2.1

2.8

2.5

NS

Charlson comorbid index, mean (SD)

0.5 (1.0)

1.1 (0.9)

0.8 (0.8)

<0.001

0, %

63.5

42.8

48.7

<0.001

1, %

28.1

37.7

34.9

2, %

6.6

15.2

12.7

3, %

0.0

2.4

2.1

6, %

1.8

1.9

1.5

RUB ^c, Mean score (SD)

2.5 (0.9)

3.0 (0.7)

2.7 (0.8)

<0.001

RUB-1, %

13.5

4.6

9.8

<0.001

RUB-2, %

26.5

11.2

20.1

RUB-3, %

51.2

68.0

58.2

RUB-4, %

7.6

14.9

10.7

RUB-5, %

1.2

1.2

1.2