| |
Events
|
P-Y
|
Incidence
|
HR (95%CI)
|
P
|
aHR (95%CI)
|
P
|
|---|
|
CD4 cell count
|
|---|
|
>500
|
10
|
2062
|
4.8
|
ref
| |
Ref
| |
|
350-499
|
20
|
1532
|
13.1
|
2.7 (1.2, 5.6)
|
.013
|
2.2 (1.0, 4.9)
|
.053
|
|
250-349
|
23
|
1154
|
19.9
|
4.1 (1.9, 8.6)
|
<.001
|
2.6 (1.2, 5.9)
|
.018
|
|
<250
|
18
|
422
|
42.7
|
8.0 (3.6, 17.7)
|
<.001
|
3.5 (1.4, 8.5)
|
.005
|
|
Plasma HIV-1 RNA
|
|
<10 K
|
19
|
2465
|
7.7
|
ref
| |
Ref
| |
|
10 K-50 K
|
5
|
1340
|
3.7
|
0.5 (0.2, 1.2)
|
.12
|
0.5 (0.2, 1.3)
|
.15
|
|
50 K-100 K
|
7
|
503
|
13.9
|
1.7 (0.7, 4.1)
|
.21
|
1.4 (0.6, 3.6)
|
.42
|
|
>100 K
|
40
|
853
|
46.9
|
5.7 (3.2, 10.0)
|
<.001
|
†5.8 (2.9, 11.4)
|
<.001
|
|
Antiretroviral use
|
|
No
|
60
|
4973
|
12.1
|
ref
| |
ref
| |
|
Yes
|
11
|
197
|
55.8
|
5.6 (2.7, 11.5)
|
<.001
|
†9.8 (4.1, 23.8)
|
.001
|
|
WHO HIV Stage
|
|
1-2
|
36
|
4143
|
8.7
|
Ref
| |
ND
| |
|
3
|
24
|
988
|
24.3
|
3.1 (1.8, 5.1)
|
<.001
| | |
|
4
|
11
|
39
|
282.1
|
15.7 (6.3, 39.4)
|
<.001
| | |
|
Gender
|
|
Men
|
28
|
1708
|
16.4
|
Ref
| |
Ref
| |
|
Women
|
43
|
3462
|
12.4
|
0.7 (0.4, 1.1)
|
.12
|
0.9 (0.6, 1.5)
|
.79
|
|
Age
|
|
18-25
|
8
|
736
|
10.9
|
Ref
| |
ND
| |
|
26-35
|
29
|
2417
|
12.0
|
1.2 (0.5, 2.6)
|
.67
| | |
|
36+
|
34
|
2015
|
16.9
|
1.7 (0.8, 3.6)
|
.21
| | |
|
Type of housing
|
|
Formal
|
38
|
3050
|
12.5
|
ref
| |
ND
| |
|
Informal
|
32
|
2001
|
16.0
|
1.6 (1.0, 2.7)
|
.071
| | |
|
Arm
| |
|
Placebo
|
38
|
2562
|
14.8
|
Ref
| |
ref
| |
|
Acyclovir
|
33
|
2607
|
12.7
|
0.8 (0.5, 1.3)
|
.44
|
1.0 (0.6, 1.6)
|
.99
|
-
HR hazard ratio, N number of deaths, ND not done, NS non-significant in the multivariate model, P-Y person-years. Covariates CD4 count, VL, Antiretroviral use, and WHO stage were all time-varying.
- † An interaction term was also present in the model between high VL and ART (p = .004), demonstrating that the hazard of death associated with HIV viral load >100 K is no greater than with viral load <10 K for those on ART (p = .42).
