|
Demographic and lifestyle characteristics
|
|
Age years ± SD
|
47 ± 9.7
|
49 ± 11.3
|
|
Sex (M/F)
|
63/49
|
42/34
|
|
BMI (kg/m2):
| | |
|
< 25
|
77 (68.7)
|
47 (62)
|
|
≥ 25-29
|
28 (25)
|
23 (30)
|
|
≥ 30
|
7 (6.2)
|
6 (8)
|
|
Smoking status:
|
37 (33)
| |
|
Non- smokers
| |
44 (58)
|
|
Smokers
|
58 (53)
|
21 (28)
|
|
Former smokers
|
16 (14)
|
11 (14)
|
|
Free time physical activity
|
57 (51)
|
45 (60)
|
|
Heavy workers
|
16 (14)
|
10 (13)
|
|
Italian espresso caffeine intake1
|
30 (27)
|
23 (29)
|
|
Alcohol
|
6 (5)
|
3 (4)
|
|
Diabetes
|
20 (18)
|
11 (14)
|
|
Education:
| | |
|
Primary school
|
34 (30.3)
|
20 (26)
|
|
Secondary school
|
34 (30.3)
|
26 (34)
|
|
Higher level
|
44 (39.3)
|
30 (40)
|
|
Postmenopause
|
18 (36.7)
|
26 (34)
|
|
Fracture
|
4 (3.5)
|
2 (3)
|
|
Calcium intake
|
|
Daily calcium intake (mg/day) (range)
|
454 (96-1359)
| |
|
Dairy intake (times/week) (range)
|
10 (2-32)
| |
|
Daily milk intake (ml/day) (range)
|
200 (0-800)
| |
|
Yogurt intake
|
36 (32)
| |
|
Yogurt intake (ml/week)
|
0 (0-1750)
| |
|
Parmesan intake
|
100 (89)
| |
|
Characteristics of HIV infection
| | |
|
Time since HIV diagnosis (years) (range)
|
15 (1-27)
| |
|
Drug addiction
|
28 (25)
| |
|
CD4+ T-cell count (cells/μL) (range)
|
551 (5-1082)
| |
|
nadir CD4+ T-cell count <200 (cells/μL)
|
75 (67)
| |
|
Undetectable HIV-RNA
|
81 (72.3)
| |
|
ART
|
104 (93)
| |
|
Duration of ART exposure:
| | |
|
< 5 years
|
18 (17.3)
| |
|
5-9
|
17 (16.3)
| |
|
≥ 10
|
69 (66.3)
| |
|
HCV infection
|
41 (36.6)
| |
