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Table 1 Summary by age of the prevalence of P. falciparum antibody exposures and/or infections, period prevalence of fever two-weeks from the survey day and fever on the survey day and use of insecticide treated nets (ITN) the night prior to survey shown as cluster-adjusted and weighted percentages (95%CI) [n/N].

From: Establishing the extent of malaria transmission and challenges facing pre-elimination in the Republic of Djibouti

 

P. falciparumantibody exposurea

Proportion of individuals with P. falciparuminfectionb

P. falciparumantibody exposure and infection prevalencec

Fever prevalence in the two weeks prior to survey

Fever prevalence on the day of survey

Use of ITN

Totals

9.9

(7.5 - 12.3)

[517/4769]

0.50

(0.28 - 0.73)

[42/7151]

10.5

(8.1 - 13.0)

[550/4769]

5.2

(4.11 - 6.3)

[254/4769]

1.9

(1.4 - 2.4)

[91/4769]

14.5

(11.2 - 17.7)

[740/4769]

< 5 years

6.9

(3.7 - 10.2)

[46/649]

0.23

(0.01 - 0.45)

[4/968]

7.1

(3.9 - 10.4)

[49/649]

18.5

(12.3 - 24.7)

[110/649]

4.3

(2.3 - 6.4)

[27/649]

15.8

(10.0 - 21.6)

[114/649]

5 - 9 years

4.9

(2.8 - 6.9)

[37/703]

0.61

(-0.03 - 1.24)

[6/1015]

5.7

(3.4 - 7.9)

[43/703]

6.6

(4.5 - 8.6)

[46/703]

3.8

(2.3 - 5.2)

[26/703]

17.1

(11.8 - 22.5)

[126/703]

10 - 14 years

5.0

(2.2 - 7.9)

[23/441]

0.34

(-0.06 - 0.74)

[3/644]

5.6

(2.7 - 8.5)

[26/441]

1.9

(0.6 - 3.3)

[9/441]

0.8

(0.0 - 1.6)

[5/441]

12.6

(8.6 - 16.6)

[55/441]

15 - 34 years

11.4

(8.4 - 14.3)

[202/1626]

0.49

(0.16 - 0.82)

[14/2454]

11.9

(8.9 - 14.9)

[211/1626]

2.5

(1.7 - 3.4)

[48/1626]

0.9

(0.4 - 1.4)

[16/1626]

12.5

(9.8 - 15.4)

[236/1626]

35 - 49 years

14.0

(10.0 - 17.9)

[132/833]

0.64

(0.24 - 1.05)

[9/1283]

14.7

(10.8 - 18.8)

[141/833]

3.4

(1.8 - 5.0)

[30/833]

1.6

(0.7 - 2.6)

[14/833]

16.7

(12.3 - 21.0)

[143/833]

50 + years

14.2

(9.7 - 18.7)

[76/510]

0.67

(0.11 - 1.23)

[6/773]

15.0

(10.4 - 19.5

[79/510]

2.2

(0.8 - 3.6)

[11/510]

0.5

(-0.0 - 1.3)

[2/510]

13.6

(9.4 - 17.8)

[66/510]

χ2 for trend

68.27, p= 0.0001

3.29, p= 0.5568

67.04, p= 0.0001

268.71, p= 0.0001

50.06, p= 0.0001

14.23, p= 0.0913

  1. For infection prevalence the denominator is all those individuals who gave a finger prick blood sample (n = 7151). For combined infection and antibody prevalence, fever prevalence and ITN use the denominator is the total of samples that had concordant optical density values of P. falciparum antibody AMA-1 and MSP-119 antibody exposure (n = 4769).
  2. a Seven individuals had missing age data
  3. b 14 individuals had missing age data
  4. c An individual was regarded as a positive case if he/she showed presence of P. falciparum infection and/or antibodies in the blood sample. Six of the P. falciparum RDT/PCR positive were also positive for antibodies. Three individuals who were RDT positive and PCR confirmed were not successfully assayed. Overall, however, infected individuals showed higher titre responses (mean/median = 196.2/98.8) compared to uninfected individuals (mean/median titres = 161.3/92.2).
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BMC Infectious Diseases

ISSN: 1471-2334

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