Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients
|  | Total population n = 350 | not CAPA cohort n = 295 | CAPA cohort n = 55 | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, median (IQR), years | 73 (62–83) | 72 (61–83) | 78 (70–84) | 0.03 |
Sex (M), n (%) | 225 (64.3) | 184 (62.3) | 41 (74.5) | 0.08 |
Demographics | ||||
 Diabetes, n (%) | 79 (22.5) | 63 (21.3) | 16 (29.1) | 0.22 |
 Cardiovascular diseases, n (%) | 105 (30) | 82 (27.8) | 23 (41.8) | 0.05 |
 Hypertension, n (%) | 208 (59.4) | 168 (56.9) | 40 (72.7) | 0.03 |
 Chronic respiratory failure, n (%) | 28 (8) | 19 (6.4) | 9 (16.4) | 0.02 |
 Pulmonary fibrosis, n (%) | 15 (4.3) | 11 (3.7) | 4 (7.3) | 0.27 |
 Asthma n (%) | 12 (3.4) | 11 (3.7) | 1 (1.8) | 0.7 |
 COPD, n (%) | 81 (23.1) | 6 (20.3) | 21 (38.2) | 0.008 |
 Bronchiectasis, n (%) | 15 (4.3) | 10 (3.4) | 5 (9.1) | 0.07 |
 Chronic hepatopathy, n (%) | 5 (1.4) | 5 (1.7) | 0 (0) |  > 0.99 |
 Hematological malignancy, n (%) | 34 (9.7) | 14 (4.7) | 20 (36.4) |  < 0.0001 |
 Hematological malignancy on active CT treatment, n (%) | 22 (6.3) | 7 (2.4) | 15 (27.3) |  < 0.0001 |
 Chronic kidney disease, n (%) | 50 (14.3) | 35 (11.9) | 15 (27.3) | 0.0055 |
 Renal replacement, n (%) | 17 (4.8) | 13 (4.4) | 4 (7.3) | 0.32 |
 Obesity (BMI > 30), n (%) | 44 (12.5) | 35 (11.9) | 9 (16.4) | 0.37 |
 Autoimmune disease, n (%) | 16 (4.6) | 14 (4.7) | 2 (3.6) |  > 0.99 |
 Immunodeficiency, n (%) | 37 (10.6) | 19 (6.4) | 18 (32.7) |  < 0.0001 |
 Hematopoietic stem cells transplant, n (%) | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.34) | 0 (0) |  > 0.99 |
 Solid organ transplant, n (%) | 7 (2) | 5 (1.7) | 2 (3.6) | 0.30 |
 CCI, median (IQR) | 5 (3–6) | 4 (2–6) | 6 (5–8) |  < 0.0001 |
 Apache II, median (IQR) | 9 (6–13) | 9 (6–12) | 12 (10–17) |  < 0.0001 |
 Prior (30-d) infections, n (%) | 38 (10.8) | 29 (9.8) | 9 (16.4) | 0.15 |
 Prior (30-d) chemotherapy, n (%) | 29 (8.2) | 13 (4.4) | 16 (29.1) |  < 0.0001 |
 Prior (30-d) antibiotic therapy, n (%) | 114 (32.5) | 94 (31.9) | 20 (36.4) | 0.53 |
 Chronic steroid, n (%) | 51 (14.6) | 33 (11.2) | 18 (32.7) | 0.0002 |
 Anti-CD20 therapy, n (%) | 9 (2.6) | 0 (0) | 9 (16.4) |  < 0.0001 |
 Lymphocytopeniaa at admission, n (%) | 184 (52.5) | 114 (48.8) | 40 (72.7) | 0.0012 |
 Lymphocytes at admission (× 103/mm3), median (IQR) | 790 (540–1160) | 850 (560–1200) | 620 (360–850) |  < 0.001 |
 Severe or critical COVID-19b | 262 (74.8) | 214 (72.5) | 48 (87.3) | 0.02 |
 PaO2/FiO2 ratio at admission, median (IQR) | 225 (155–314) | 223 (155–314) | 258 (153–323) | 0.80 |
 PaO2 at admission, median (IQR) | 88 (74–106) | 88 (74–106) | 85 (68–106) | 0.22 |
 FiO2 at admission, median (IQR) | 40 (28–60) | 40 (28–60) | 40 (21–60) | 0.45 |
 Length of in-hospital stay, median (IQR), days | 17 (11–28) | 16 (11–25) | 30 (19–56) |  < 0.0001 |
 Transfer to ICU for need to IMV, n (%) | 13 (3.7) | 7 (2.4) | 6 (10.9) |  < 0.0001 |
 Mortality, n (%) | 101 (28.8) | 67 (22.7) | 34 (61.8) |  < 0.0001 |
Respiratory failure treatment at admission | ||||
 HFNC, n (%) | 17 (4.8) | 11 (3.7) | 6 (10.9) | 0.03 |
 Venturi mask, n (%) | 225 (64.2) | 189 (64.1) | 36 (65.45) | 0.84 |
 Helmet CPAP, n (%) | 41 (11.7) | 38 (12.8) | 3 (5.4) | 0.17 |
 NIV, n (%) | 8 (2.2) | 4 (1.3) | 4 (7.3) | 0.02 |
COVID-19 therapy | ||||
 Remdesivir, n (%) | 213 (60.8) | 178 (60.3) | 35 (63.6) | 0.76 |
 Anti-IL6, n (%) | 11 (3.1) | 6 (2.0) | 5 (9.1) | 0.02 |
 Monoclonal antibody, n (%) | 30 (8.5) | 15 (5.1) | 15 (27.3) |  < 0.0001 |