Table 3 Factors associated with viral load rebound among PLHIV on ART between 2016 to 2020 in Northern Tanzania (N = 310)

Age group (in years)

6–14

1.00

1.00

15–24

1.1 (0.60–2.01)

0.757

1.29 (0.61–2.76)

0.505

25–54

0.61 (0.38–0.98)

0.042

0.89 (0.47–1.69)

0.726

55+

0.56 (0.32–0.97)

0.039

0.86 (0.42–1.76)

0.682

Sex

Male

1.00

1.00

Female

0.86 (0.65–1.12)

0.265

0.86 (0.65–1.13)

0.280

Marital status

Single

1.00

-

Cohabiting/Married

0.89 (0.65–1.23)

0.481

Divorced/Separated

0.81 (0.53–1.23)

0.318

HIV Stage

Stage I

1.00

1.00

Stage II

0.73 (0.46–1.14)

0.162

0.72 (0.46–1.13)

0.155

Stage III

1.04 (0.73–1.48)

0.813

0.98 (0.69–1.39)

0.907

Stage IV

1.25 (0.79 (1.98)

0.335

1.11 (0.70–1.76)

0.657

*BMI (kg/m²)

Underweight

1.33 (0.84–2.12)

0.218

1.31 (0.81–2.12)

0.264

Normal

1.00

Overweight

1.28 (0.92–1.79)

0.147

1.22 (0.87–1.72)

0.241

Obesity

1.12 (0.78–1.61)

0.536

1.18 (0.82–1.70)

0.368

ART regimen

First line

0.52 (0.34–0.79)

0.003

0.72 (0.38–1.36)

0.314

Second line

1.00

1.00

Treatment supporter visit

No

1.00

1.00

Yes

0.84 (0.57–1.22)

0.360

0.77 (0.51–1.15)

0.205

ART adherence

Poor

1.00

1.00

Good

0.79 (0.44–1.42)

0.434

0.79 (0.47–1.32)

0.361

*Visit status

1–2

1.00

1.00

3

0.59 (0.41–0.85)

0.005

0.64 (0.44–0.93)

0.019

4–6

0.87 (0.62–1.17)

0.307

0.87 (0.63–1.20)

0.397