| Total (n = 2050) | HCV antibody negative (n = 1383) | HCV antibody positive (n = 667) | p value |
---|---|---|---|---|
 | n (%) or median [IQR] |  | ||
Age (n = 2047) (years) | 27.7 [24.6, 31.3] | 27.1 [24.1, 30.6] | 29.1 [26.2, 32.6] | p < 0.01 |
Age at leaving full-time education (n = 1429)a |  |  |  |  |
  ≤ 16 years | 331 (23) | 159 (17) | 172 (34) | p < 0.01 |
 17–18 years | 378 (26) | 249 (27) | 129 (25) |  |
  ≥ 19 years | 720 (50) | 515 (56) | 205 (41) |  |
History of IDU (n = 1859) |  |  |  |  |
 No | 1461 (79) | 1128 (93) | 333 (51) | p < 0.01 |
 Yes | 398 (21) | 84 (7) | 314 (49) |  |
Ever had an IDU sex partner (n = 1765) |  |  |  |  |
 No | 1416 (80) | 1025 (87) | 391 (66) | p < 0.01 |
 Yes | 349 (20) | 149 (13) | 200 (34) |  |
History of imprisonment (n = 1930) |  |  |  |  |
 No | 1862 (96) | 1274 (99) | 588 (92) | p < 0.01 |
 Yes | 68 (4) | 16 (1) | 52 (8) |  |
Timing of HIV diagnosis (n = 1873)a |  |  |  |  |
 Before most recent pregnancy | 701 (37) | 398 (32) | 303 (48) | p < 0.01 |
 During most recent pregnancy | 1172 (63) | 842 (68) | 330 (52) |  |
CD4 count (n = 1918), (cells/mm3, median [IQR]) | 452 [324, 604] | 460 [335, 609] | 426 [299, 591] | p < 0.01 |
CD4 count (n = 1918) |  |  |  |  |
  ≤ 350 cells/mm3 | 566 (30) | 356 (28) | 210 (33) | p = 0.03 |
 351-500 cells/mm3 | 582 (30) | 395 (31) | 187 (30) |  |
  > 500 cells/mm3 | 770 (40) | 538 (42) | 232 (37) |  |
WHO stage (n = 2041) |  |  |  |  |
 Stage 1 | 1424 (70) | 1065 (77) | 359 (54) | p < 0.01 |
 Stage 2 | 269 (13) | 145 (11) | 124 (19) |  |
 Stage 3 | 267 (13) | 124 (9) | 143 (21) |  |
 Stage 4 | 81 (4) | 41 (3) | 40 (6) |  |
On ART (n = 2029) |  |  |  |  |
 No | 1454 (72) | 1012 (74) | 442 (67) | p < 0.01 |
 Yes | 575 (28) | 357 (26) | 218 (33) |  |
Hepatitis B co-infection (n = 1955) |  |  |  |  |
 No | 1626 (83) | 1170 (86) | 456 (76) | p < 0.01 |
 Yes | 329 (17) | 184 (14) | 145 (24) |  |
Smoking history (n = 2021) |  |  |  |  |
 Never smoked | 578 (29) | 460 (34) | 118 (18) | p < 0.01 |
 Past smoker | 484 (24) | 364 (27) | 120 (18) |  |
 Current smoker, <15 cigarettes /day | 417 (21) | 304 (22) | 113 (17) |  |
 Current heavy smoker, ≥15 cigarettes /day | 440 (22) | 176 (13) | 264 (40) |  |
 Current smoker, cigarettes/day not reported | 102 (5) | 57 (4) | 45 (7) |  |