Table 1 Baseline characteristics of study population, both pregnant women and their male partners (N = 488)
Characteristic | Women N = 300 | Men N = 188 | |
|---|---|---|---|
n (%) median (IQR) | n (%) median (IQR) | ||
Age (years) | 22 (20,26) | 29 (25,35) | |
Age group (years) | |||
≤19 | 65 (21.7) | 1 (0.5) | |
20-24 | 140 (46.7) | 33 (17.6) | |
25-29 | 57 (19.0) | 64 (34.0) | |
30-34 | 27 (9.0) | 41 (21.8) | |
35-39 | 8 (2.7) | 26 (13.8) | |
≥40 | 3 (1.0) | 23 (12.2) | |
Highest education level | |||
Primary or lower | 202 (67.3) | 109 (58.0) | |
Secondary (some or complete) | 80 (26.7) | 57 (30.3) | |
Post secondary | 18 (6.0) | 22 (11.7) | |
Marital status | |||
Monogamous | 262 (87.3) | 165 (87.8) | |
Polygamous | 25 (8.3) | 17 (9.0) | |
Unmarried (Single, widow or cohabiting) | 13 (4.3) | 6 (3.2) | |
Economic status | |||
Daily household income ≥ $2 USD | 76 (25.3) | 113 (60.1) | |
Sexual partnerships | |||
Self report of concurrency past 6 months | 8 (2.7) | 31 (17.0) | |
Perceived partner concurrency | 86 (28.7) | 20 (10.6) | |
Physically threatened past 6 months | |||
None | 208 (69.3) | 126 (67.0) | |
Study partner | 70 (23.3) | 34 (18.1) | |
Other partner or family member | 22 (7.3) | 28 (14.9) | |
Experienced forced sex | |||
None | 290 (96.7) | 181 (96.3) | |
Study partner | 8 (2.7) | 5 (2.7) | |
Other partner or family member | 2 (0.6) | 2 (1.1) | |
HIV status | |||
HIV positive | 48 (16.0) | 30 (16.0) | |
Number of previous pregnancies (or of partner) | |||
None | 51 (17.0) | 28 (14.9) | |
1 | 86 (28.7) | 49 (26.1) | |
≥2 | 163 (54.3) | 111 (59.0) | |
Desire of more children | |||
None | 62 (20.7) | 30 (16.0) | |
Desire more children | 238 (79.3) | 158 (84.0) | |
Contraceptive use (or use by partner) prior to current pregnancy | |||
None | 168 (56.0) | 128 (68.1) | |
Hormonal | 124 (41.3) | 45 (24.0) | |
Withdrawal, condom, sterilization | 8 (2.7) | 15 (8.0) | |