In vitro antimicrobial activity of natural toxins and animal venoms tested against Burkholderia pseudomallei

BMC Infectious Diseases

Table 2 In vitro antibacterial activity of purified phospholipase A₂ enzymes from snake venoms.

Phospholipase A₂ enzymes (PLA₂s)	Snake species (Scientific name)	Mol. wt.(kDa)	Conc. (mg/mL)	Micro-organisms
				B. pseudomallei (Strain KHW)	B. pseudomallei (Strain TES)
Crotoxin A (CA)	Crotalus durissus terrificus	23.5	0.5 mg/mL	-	-
Crotoxin B (CB)	Crotalus durissus terrificus	23.5	0.5 mg/mL	24.8 ± 0.089	27.6 ± 0.133
Ammodytoxin A	Vipera ammodytes ammodytes	13.8	0.5 mg/mL	-	-
Mojave toxin	Crotalus scutulatus scutulatus	23.5	0.5 mg/mL	-	-
β-Bungarotoxin	Bungarus multicinctus	20.5	0.5 mg/mL	-	-
Taipoxin	Oxyuranus scutellatus scutellatus	45.6	0.5 mg/mL	-
Mulgatoxin	Pseudechis australis	13.2	0.5 mg/mL	20.5 ± 0.075	22.7 ± 0.117
Daboiatoxin (DbTx)	Daboia russelli siamensis	15.0	0.5 mg/mL	24.8 ± 0.103	26.2 ± 0.121
Bee venom PLA₂	Apis mellifera	19.0	0.5 μg/mL	18.3 ± 0.089	20.4 ± 0.075

*The values given represent a venom inhibition zone in mm, including the 7 mm diameter of the disc, after 24 h incubation. The bacterial inoculum per plate contained 3.2 × 10⁸ cfu/mL forming units which were spread onto the TS agar surface with sterile cotton swap. Sterile paper discs (7 mm diameter) were placed onto the TS agar surface and 20 μL of enzymes (0.5 mg/ml concentration) added, Control (0); No activity (-).

ISSN: 1471-2334