Figure 1From: Impact of HIV co-infection on plasma level of cytokines and chemokines of pulmonary tuberculosis patients Plasma cytokine and chemokine level in HIV negative and HIV positive TB cases. Unstimulated plasma samples from HIV positive TB cases (n = 16) and HIV negative TB cases (n = 17) were assessed by multiplex cytokine analysis. A) Growth factors (EGF and VEGF) B) Pro-inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, IL 12(p40), and TNF) C) Anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10 and IL-4) and D) Chemokines (IP-10, MCP-1, MCP-3, MIP-1β and fractalkine). Horizontal lines indicate median of HIV negative (filled circles) and HIV positive TB cases (open circles). Data were analysed using nonparametric Mann–Whitney test with p-values indicating significant differences after transformation of data to Log10 values.Back to article page