From: Growth patterns among HIV-exposed infants receiving nevirapine prophylaxis in Pune, India
Characteristics | Total N = 737 | HIV -uninfected N = 644 | HIV- infected* N = 93 | P-value# |
---|---|---|---|---|
Baseline Maternal Characteristics | Â | |||
Age in years, Median (IQR) | 23 (21,25) | 23 (21,25) | 24 (21,26) | 0.082 |
Hindu Religion, n (%) | 570 (78) | 493 (77) | 77 (83) | 0.212 |
Married, n (%) | 714 (97) | 624 (98) | 90 (97) | 0.681 |
Nuclear Family, n (%) | 351 (48) | 306 (48) | 45 (48) | 0.928 |
≤ Primary School Education, n (%) | 294 (40) | 250 (39) | 44 (47) | 0.129 |
Housewife/Unemployed, n (%) | 594 (81) | 525 (82) | 69 (74) | 0.066 |
Parity, Median (IQR) | 1 (0, 2) | 1 (0, 2) | 1 (1, 2) | 0.004 |
Gestational Age at Delivery, Median (IQR) | 32 (28,35) | 32 (28,35) | 32 (26,34) | 0.069 |
Hemoglobin at Delivery, Median (IQR) | 10.7 (9.2, 11.9) | 10.8 (9.2, 10.8) | 10.1 (8.8, 11.5) | <0.0001 |
CD4 Counts (in 100 s), Median (IQR) | 4.6 (3.1, 6.5) | 4.7 (3.34, 6.4) | 3.2 (1.9, 5.3) | <0.0001 |
log10 Viral Load, Median (IQR) | 3.9 (3.2, 4.5) | 3.8 (3.1, 4.4) | 4.7 (4.0, 5.1) | <0.0001 |
Baseline Infant Characteristics | ||||
Male Gender, n(%) | 390 (53) | 343 (53) | 47 (51) | 0.623 |
HIV Positive at Birth, n (%) | 28 (4) | -- | 28 (30) | -- |
Birth Weight, Median (IQR) | 2.6 (2.4, 3.0) | 2.7 (2.4, 3.0) | 2.6 (2.5, 2.6) | 0.292 |
Low Birth Weight (< 2.5 kg) n (%) | 207 (28) | 181 (28) | 26 (28) | 0.941 |
Birth Length, Median (IQR) | 46 (45, 48) | 46 (45, 48) | 46 (45, 47) | 0.865 |
Weight for Height Z-score, Median (IQR) | −0.03 (−1.1, 0.6) | −0.03 (−1.2, 0.7) | −0.04 (−0.8, 0.6) | 0.908 |
Wasting, n (%) | 62 (10) | 57 (11) | 5 (7) | 0.299 |
Length for Age Z-score, Median (IQR) | −1.7 (−2.2, –1.0) | −1.7 (−2.2, –1.0) | −1.7 (−2.6, –1.2) | 0.922 |
Stunting, n (%) | 339 (47) | 295 (46) | 44 (48) | 0.795 |
Weight for Age Z-score, Median (IQR) | −1.5 (−2.0, –0.7) | −1.5 (−2.0, –0.7) | −1.7 (−2.0, –0.7) | 0.408 |
Underweight, n (%) | 190 (26) | 165 (26) | 25 (27) | 0.828 |
Infant Gestational Age in Weeks, Median (IQR) | 38 (38, 38) | 38 (38, 38) | 38 (38, 38) | 0.434 |
Hemoglobin at Birth, Median (IQR) | 17.3 (15.7, 18.7) | 17.3 (15.7, 18.8) | 17.3 (15.7, 18.5) | 0.868 |
Normal Vaginal Delivery, n (%) | 590 (80) | 513 (80) | 77 (83) | 0.513 |
Follow-up Variables | ||||
Exclusive Breastfeeding (days), Median (IQR) | 98 (97, 100) | 98 (97, 100) | 98 (72, 100) | 0.606 |
Exclusive Breastfeeding, n (%) | Â | Â | Â | Â |
< 1 Month | 61 (8) | 54 (8) | 7 (8) | 0.741 |
1 – 4 Months | 587 (80) | 512 (79) | 75 (81) |  |
4 – 6 Months | 46 (6) | 42 (6) | 4 (4) |  |
>6 Months | 43 (6) | 36 (6) | 7 (8) | Â |
Grade 3 or 4 Adverse Event, n (%) | 261 (35) | 214 (33) | 47 (51) | 0.001 |
Hospitalization, n (%) | 156 (21) | 122 (19) | 34 (37) | <0.0001 |