Table 1 Main characteristics of the 112 HIV-infected and 76 HIV-uninfected subjects
HIV+ | HIV- | |
|---|---|---|
Demographic and lifestyle characteristics | ||
Age years ± SD | 47 ± 9.7 | 49 ± 11.3 |
Sex (M/F) | 63/49 | 42/34 |
BMI (kg/m2): | ||
< 25 | 77 (68.7) | 47 (62) |
≥ 25-29 | 28 (25) | 23 (30) |
≥ 30 | 7 (6.2) | 6 (8) |
Smoking status: | 37 (33) | |
Non- smokers | 44 (58) | |
Smokers | 58 (53) | 21 (28) |
Former smokers | 16 (14) | 11 (14) |
Free time physical activity | 57 (51) | 45 (60) |
Heavy workers | 16 (14) | 10 (13) |
Italian espresso caffeine intake1 | 30 (27) | 23 (29) |
Alcohol | 6 (5) | 3 (4) |
Diabetes | 20 (18) | 11 (14) |
Education: | ||
Primary school | 34 (30.3) | 20 (26) |
Secondary school | 34 (30.3) | 26 (34) |
Higher level | 44 (39.3) | 30 (40) |
Postmenopause | 18 (36.7) | 26 (34) |
Fracture | 4 (3.5) | 2 (3) |
Calcium intake | ||
Daily calcium intake (mg/day) (range) | 454 (96-1359) | |
Dairy intake (times/week) (range) | 10 (2-32) | |
Daily milk intake (ml/day) (range) | 200 (0-800) | |
Yogurt intake | 36 (32) | |
Yogurt intake (ml/week) | 0 (0-1750) | |
Parmesan intake | 100 (89) | |
Characteristics of HIV infection | ||
Time since HIV diagnosis (years) (range) | 15 (1-27) | |
Drug addiction | 28 (25) | |
CD4+ T-cell count (cells/μL) (range) | 551 (5-1082) | |
nadir CD4+ T-cell count <200 (cells/μL) | 75 (67) | |
Undetectable HIV-RNA | 81 (72.3) | |
ART | 104 (93) | |
Duration of ART exposure: | ||
< 5 years | 18 (17.3) | |
5-9 | 17 (16.3) | |
≥ 10 | 69 (66.3) | |
HCV infection | 41 (36.6) | |