Table 1 Prevalence of cervical human papillomavirus infection and crude associations between infection and selected subjects’ characteristics

Age group (years)

 18

80/308

26.0

4.8

3.1–7.5

 19

101/339

29.8

5.7

3.7–8.8

 20–21

131/452

29.0

5.5

3.6–8.3

 22–25

137/471

29.1

5.5

3.6–8.2

 26–35

54/319

16.9

2.7

1.7–4.3

 36–45

31/326

9.5

1.4

0.8–2.3

 46–55

42/486

8.6

1.2

0.8–2.0

 56–65

32/454

7.0

1

reference

P-value for trend

<0.001

Residential area

 Rural

48/329

14.6

1

reference

 Suburban

71/393

18.1

1.3

0.8–1.9

 Urban

488/2428

20.1

1.6

1.1–2.2

 Unknown

5

-

-

-

P-value for trend

0.005

Country of birth

 Spain

525/2886

18.2

1

reference

 Other countries

83/269

30.9

1.7

1.3–2.3

Marital status

 Single

361/1259

28.7

3.4

2.4–4.9

 Cohabiting

137/549

25.0

2.9

2.0–4.3

 Married

71/1158

6.1

1

reference

 Divorced/Separated

28/127

22.0

4.4

2.7–7.1

 Widowed

11/62

17.7

3.9

1.9–8.0

Level of educational attainment

 No formal education

27/178

15.2

1

reference

 Primary completed

92/648

14.2

0.9

0.5–1.4

 Secondary completed

290/1286

22.6

1.0

0.6–1.5

 University or higher

199/1040

19.1

0.7

0.5–1.2

 Unknown

3

-

-

-

P-value for trend

0.07

Tobacco smoking status

 Never smoked

227/1599

14.2

1

reference

 Ex-smoker

57/439

13.0

1.2

0.8–1.6

 Current smoker

324/1116

29.0

2.3

1.8–2.8

 Unknown

1

-

-

-

P-value for trend

<0.001

Number of pregnancies

 0

330/1340

24.6

1

reference

 1

93/417

22.3

1.3

1.0–1.8

 2

62/587

10.6

1.0

0.7–1.4

 ≥3

43/511

8.4

0.8

0.5–1.3

 Unknown

300

-

-

-

P-value for trend among parous women

0.3

Use of oral contraceptives

 Never used

240/1299

18.5

1

reference

 Ex-user

192/1141

16.8

1.2

1.0–1.5

 Current user

176/712

24.7

1.0

0.8–1.2

 Unknown

3

-

-

-

Ever use of condoms

 Never used

85/650

13.1

1

reference

 Ex-user

162/1003

16.2

1.0

0.7–1.4

 Current user

361/1502

24.0

1.1

0.8–1.5

Systematic condom use in last 12 months^*

 No

359/1947

18.4

1

reference

 Yes

226/1031

21.9

0.8

0.6–1.0

 Unknown

12

-

-

-

Lifetime number of sexual partners

 1

139/1560

8.9

1

reference

 2

103/577

17.9

1.8

1.4–2.4

 3

122/397

30.7

3.9

2.9–5.3

 ≥4

241/609

39.6

5.8

4.5–7.5

 Unknown

12

-

-

-

P-value for trend

<0.001

Age at first sexual intercourse (years)

 ≤14

41/125

32.8

2.1

1.0–4.5

 15–16

192/685

28.0

1.6

0.8–3.1

 17–18

235/1097

21.4

1.3

0.7–2.5

 19–20

69/492

14.0

1.2

0.6–2.3

 21–25

58/595

9.7

1.1

0.6–2.2

 ≥26

11/145

7.6

1

reference

 Unknown

16

-

-

-

P-value for trend

0.006

Current partner had STIs in last 12 months

 No

538/2888

18.6

1

reference

 Yes

9/38

23.7

1.1

0.5–2.4

 Unknown

229

-

-

-

Current partner circumcised

 No

432/2366

18.3

1

reference

 Yes

60/369

16.3

0.9

0.6–1.2

 Unknown

420

-

-

-

Previous cervical lesions

 No

559/2952

18.9

1

reference

 Yes

36/178

20.2

1.7

1.1–2.5

 Unknown

25

-

-

-

History of genital warts

 No

555/3061

18.1

1

reference

 Yes

50/87

57.5

4.8

3.1–7.6

 Unknown

7

-

-

-

History of other STIs

 No

579/3054

19.0

1

reference

 Yes

23/87

26.4

1.7

1.0–2.8

 Unknown

14

-

-

-