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Table 3 Somatic symptoms and psycho-social problems for a cholera vignette in peri-urban and rural Zanzibar, n = 356

From: Social and cultural features of cholera and shigellosis in peri-urban and rural communities of Zanzibar

 

Peri-urban site, n = 179

 

Rural site, n = 177

  
 

How reported?b

 

How reported?b

  

Categorya

Total Reported %

Fraction spon.

Most troubling %

Mean prominencec

Total Reported %

Fraction spon.

Most troubling %

Mean prominencec

 

Somatic symptoms

         

Related to general gastrointestinal illness

98.9

0.81

14.5

2.23

99.4

0.67

16.4

2.15

 

Abdominal pain/discomfort

91.1

0.47

2.8

1.42

88.7

0.06

6.2

1.13

***

Headache

64.8

0.02

0.0

0.66

55.4

0.02

0.6

0.58

 

Loss of appetite

92.2

0.20

1.7

1.16

83.6

0.06

1.1

0.92

***

Nausea

87.7

0.04

0.6

0.93

88.1

0.03

0.6

0.93

 

Weakness

96.6

0.69

9.5

1.92

97.7

0.64

7.9

1.84

 

Related to shigellosis

97.2

0.20

3.9

1.28

96.0

0.10

13.0

1.45

 

Abdominal cramps

76.5

0.11

2.8

0.93

75.1

0.08

6.8

1.01

 

Bloody stool

23.5

0.14

0.6

0.28

50.3

0.03

2.8

0.60

***

Fever

82.7

0.11

0.6

0.93

87.0

0.03

1.7

0.95

 

Pus in stool

8.9

0.06

0.0

0.09

37.9

0.00

0.0

0.38

***

Rectal pain

69.3

0.00

0.0

0.69

73.4

0.00

1.7

0.79

 

Related to dehydration

98.3

0.31

46.9

2.70

98.3

0.51

18.6

2.04

**

Confusion

87.7

0.01

2.2

0.95

81.9

0.01

2.3

0.89

 

Palpitations

84.4

0.03

9.5

1.16

73.4

0.02

1.7

0.80

***

Loose skin

90.5

0.17

1.1

1.09

88.1

0.24

0.6

1.11

 

Sunken eyes

93.9

0.21

0.6

1.15

96.0

0.41

0.6

1.37

***

Unconsciousness

92.7

0.04

32.4

1.94

90.4

0.06

11.3

1.30

***

Very thirsty

76.5

0.03

1.1

0.82

78.5

0.06

2.3

0.90

 

Miscellaneous

25.1

1.00

1.7

0.55

38.4

1.00

1.7

0.82

**

Other symptoms

10.1

1.00

1.1

0.23

16.4

1.00

0.6

0.34

 

Cannot say

15.1

1.00

0.6

0.32

22.0

1.00

1.1

0.47

 

Psycho-social problems

         

Social impact

99.4

0.88

36.9

2.97

99.4

0.91

50.3

3.41

**

Disruption of health services

48.0

0.01

1.7

0.54

88.1

0.01

1.7

0.94

***

Fear of infecting others

83.8

0.28

2.2

1.14

72.9

0.22

6.8

1.09

 

Fear of isolation from others

62.6

0.36

8.4

1.10

53.1

0.12

14.7

1.03

 

Interference with social relationships

65.4

0.08

3.9

0.82

74.6

0.60

2.8

1.28

***

Interference with work/daily activities

96.6

0.73

20.7

2.30

97.2

0.72

24.3

2.40

 

Emotional impact

100.0

0.75

10.1

2.06

94.9

0.45

11.3

1.72

***

Sadness, anxiety, worry

100.0

0.75

10.1

2.06

94.9

0.45

11.3

1.72

***

Financial impact

99.4

0.62

52.5

3.18

99.4

0.73

38.4

2.88

 

Costs (transport, food, drugs)

97.2

0.08

34.1

2.07

96.0

0.32

13.6

1.67

 

Loss of family income

98.3

0.58

18.4

2.11

92.7

0.52

24.9

2.16

 
  1. a Categories ordered alphabetically within each group (bold). Categories reported by less than 5% not listed; b Columns indicate percentage of reported categories, fraction of spontaneously mentioned categories and whether a category was identified as most troubling; c Mean prominence based on values assigned to each reported category (0 = not reported, 1 = reported after probing, 2 = reported spontaneously, 3 = identified as most troubling).
  2. Wilcoxon test used to compare mean prominence between both sites (* p ≤ 0.05, ** p ≤ 0.01, *** p ≤ 0.001).
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BMC Infectious Diseases

ISSN: 1471-2334

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