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  1. Malaria remains a major public health problem, due largely to emergence and widespread P. falciparum drug resistance. WHO recommends artemisinine combination based therapy (ACT) to overcome P. falciparum drug res...

    Authors: Rafika Zatra, Jean Bernard Lekana-douki, Faustin Lekoulou, Ulrick Bisvigou, Edgard Brice Ngoungou and Fousseyni S Toure Ndouo
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:307
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  2. We report the first multi-site rotavirus genotype analysis in Canada. Prior to this study, there was a dearth of rotavirus G and P genotyping data in Canada. Publically funded universal rotavirus vaccination i...

    Authors: Andrew McDermid, Nicole Le Saux, Elsie Grudeski, Julie A Bettinger, Kathy Manguiat, Scott A Halperin, Lily MacDonald, Pierre Déry, Joanne Embree, Wendy Vaudry and Timothy F Booth
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:306
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  3. Non-brucellar and non-tuberculous infectious sacroiliitis (ISI) is a rare disease, with misleading clinical signs that delay diagnosis. Most observations are based on isolated case reports or small case series...

    Authors: Marion Hermet, Emeline Minichiello, René Marc Flipo, Jean Jacques Dubost, Yannick Allanore, Jean Marc Ziza, Philippe Gaudin, Thierry Thomas, Emmanuelle Dernis, Baptiste Glace, Alain Regnier and Martin Soubrier
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:305
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  4. Use of multivitamin supplements during the pre-HAART era has been found to reduce viral load, enhance immune response, and generally improve clinical outcomes among HIV-infected adults. However, immune reconst...

    Authors: David Guwatudde, Amara E Ezeamama, Danstan Bagenda, Rachel Kyeyune, Fred Wabwire-Mangen, Henry Wamani, Ferdinand Mugusi, Donna Spiegelman, Molin Wang, Yukari C Manabe and Wafaie W Fawzi
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:304
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  5. DNA microarrays can detect tuberculosis and its multi-drug resistant form in M. tuberculosis isolates and sputum specimens with high sensitivity and specificity. However, no performance data currently exists for ...

    Authors: Zehua Zhang, Litao Li, Fei Luo, Peng Cheng, Feng Wu, Zheng Wu, Tianyong Hou, Min Zhong and Jianzhong Xu
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:303
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  6. Control of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) transmission has been unsuccessful in many hospitals. Recommended control measures include isolation of colonized patients, rather than decolonization...

    Authors: Tatiana V Gurieva, Martin CJ Bootsma and Marc JM Bonten
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:302
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  7. Mycobacterium goodii is a rare cause of significant infection. M. goodii has mainly been associated with lymphadenitis, cellulitis, osteomyelitis, and wound infection.

    Authors: Göran Jönsson, Johan Rydberg, Erik Sturegård and Bertil Christensson
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:301
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  8. The mosquito Aedes albopictus is undergoing a worldwide expansion with potential consequences on transmission of various arboviruses. This species has been first detected in Lebanon in 2003.

    Authors: Nabil Haddad, Laurence Mousson, Marie Vazeille, Soulaima Chamat, Joelle Tayeh, Mike Abboud Osta and Anna-Bella Failloux
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:300
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  9. Some patients have a greater response to viral infection than do others having a similar level of viral replication. Hypercytokinemia is the principal immunopathological mechanism that contributes to a severer...

    Authors: Guadalupe Morales-García, Ramcés Falfán-Valencia, Román Alejandro García-Ramírez, Ángel Camarena, Alejandra Ramirez-Venegas, Manuel Castillejos-López, Martha Pérez-Rodríguez, César González-Bonilla, Concepción Grajales-Muñíz, Víctor Borja-Aburto and Juan Manuel Mejía-Aranguré
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:299
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  10. The role of demographic factors, climatic conditions, school cycles, and connectivity patterns in shaping the spatio-temporal dynamics of pandemic influenza is not clearly understood. Here we analyzed the spat...

    Authors: Gerardo Chowell, Sherry Towers, Cécile Viboud, Rodrigo Fuentes, Viviana Sotomayor, Lone Simonsen, Mark A Miller, Mauricio Lima, Claudia Villarroel, Monica Chiu, Jose E Villarroel and Andrea Olea
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:298
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  11. Complicated skin and skin structure infections (cSSSIs) frequently result in hospitalization with significant morbidity and mortality.

    Authors: Peter Matthews, Marc Alpert, Galia Rahav, Denise Rill, Edward Zito, David Gardiner, Ron Pedersen, Timothy Babinchak and Paul C McGovern
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:297
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  12. Drug-related toxicity has been one of the main causes of antiretroviral treatment discontinuation. However, its determinants are not fully understood. Aim of this study was to investigate predictors of first-l...

    Authors: Mattia CF Prosperi, Massimiliano Fabbiani, Iuri Fanti, Mauro Zaccarelli, Manuela Colafigli, Annalisa Mondi, Alessandro D’Avino, Alberto Borghetti, Roberto Cauda and Simona Di Giambenedetto
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:296
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  13. Isolation of Aspergillus from lower respiratory samples is associated with colonisation in high percentage of cases, making it of unclear significance. This study explored factors associated with diagnosis (infec...

    Authors: Jose Barberan, Bernardino Alcazar, Eduardo Malmierca, Francisco Garcia de la Llana, Jordi Dorca, Daniel del Castillo, Victoria Villena, Melissa Hernandez-Febles, Francisco-Javier Garcia-Perez, Juan-Jose Granizo, Maria-Jose Gimenez and Lorenzo Aguilar
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:295
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  15. Impact of gender on time to initiation, response to and risk of modification of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in HIV-1 infected individuals is still controversial.

    Authors: Kristina Thorsteinsson, Steen Ladelund, Søren Jensen-Fangel, Isik Somuncu Johansen, Terese L Katzenstein, Gitte Pedersen, Merete Storgaard, Niels Obel and Anne-Mette Lebech
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:293
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  16. The SINERGIE (South Italian Network for Rational Guidelines and International Epidemiology) project is intended to set up a collaborative network comprising virologists, clinicians and public health officials ...

    Authors: C Torti, M Zazzi, L Abenavoli, F Trapasso, F Cesario, D Corigliano, L Cosco, C Costa, RL Curia, M De Rosa, G Foti, C Giraldi, R Leone, MC Liberto, D Lucchino, N Marascio…
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12(Suppl 2):S9
    Content type: Review Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 12 Supplement 2

  17. Since the discovery of HCV, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has significantly contributed to the understanding of the virus life cycle and its replicative kinetics during anti-viral therapy. Parallel to the pr...

    Authors: Giuseppe Colucci
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12(Suppl 2):S8
    Content type: Review Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 12 Supplement 2

  18. A significant improvement in the rate of eradication of Hepatitis C Virus Genotype 1 has been achieved with the addition of Boceprevir and Telaprevir to pegylated interferon and ribavirin. These two drugs are ...

    Authors: Massimo Puoti, Roberto Rossotti, Giovanna Travi, Maurizio Orso and Maria Cristina Moioli
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12(Suppl 2):S7
    Content type: Review Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 12 Supplement 2

  19. A major goal of modern medicine is the application of personalized therapies, consisting of decisions and practices tailored to the individual patient. Information about genetic variants, either mutant or poly...

    Authors: Stefania Nucara, Benedetto Caroleo, Vincenzo Guadagnino, Nicola Perrotti and Francesco Trapasso
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12(Suppl 2):S6
    Content type: Review Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 12 Supplement 2

  20. Hepatitis C virus infection (HCV) is one of the most pressing health emergencies in the world with a global prevalence of about 170 million people chronically infected worldwide. In Europe, Italy has the highe...

    Authors: Massimo Ciccozzi, Alessandra Lo Presti, Anna Rita Ciccaglione, Gianguglielmo Zehender and Marco Ciotti
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12(Suppl 2):S5
    Content type: Review Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 12 Supplement 2

  21. The epidemiological status of HCV in Europe, and in particular in Mediterranean countries, is continuously evolving. The genotype distribution is related to improvement of healthcare conditions, expansion of i...

    Authors: MC Liberto, N Marascio, E Zicca and G Matera
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12(Suppl 2):S4
    Content type: Review Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 12 Supplement 2

  22. The advent of triple therapy (TT) with first-generation protease inhibitors boceprevir (BOC) and telaprevir (TVR) in addition to pegylated interferon and ribavirin resulted in a significant gain in terms of su...

    Authors: Salvatore Petta and Antonio Craxì
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12(Suppl 2):S3
    Content type: Review Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 12 Supplement 2

  23. Hepatitis C virus (HCV), first recognized as a cause of transfusion-associated acute and chronic hepatitis in 1989, plays a major role as a cause of chronic liver injury, with potential for neoplastic degenera...

    Authors: S Zaltron, A Spinetti, L Biasi, C Baiguera and F Castelli
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12(Suppl 2):S2
    Content type: Review Published on:

    This article is part of a Supplement: Volume 12 Supplement 2

  25. Consultation to infectious diseases specialists (ID), although not always performed by treating physicians, is part of hospital’s daily practice. This study analyses adherence by treating physicians to written...

    Authors: María-Carmen Fariñas, Gabriela Saravia, Jorge Calvo-Montes, Natividad Benito, Juan-José Martínez-Garde, Concepción Fariñas-Alvarez, Lorenzo Aguilar, Ramón Agüero, José-Antonio Amado, Luis Martínez-Martínez and Manuel Gómez-Fleitas
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:292
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  26. The effects of helminth co-infection on malaria in humans remain uncertain. This study aimed to evaluate the nature of association of intestinal helminths with prevalence and clinical outcomes of Plasmodium infec...

    Authors: Abraham Degarege, Mengistu Legesse, Girmay Medhin, Abebe Animut and Berhanu Erko
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:291
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  27. The hospital environment has been suggested as playing an important role in the transmission of hospital-associated (HA) pathogens. However, studies investigating the contamination of the hospital environment ...

    Authors: Meredith C Faires, David L Pearl, William A Ciccotelli, Karen Straus, Giovanna Zinken, Olaf Berke, Richard J Reid-Smith and J Scott Weese
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:290
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  28. Each year more than two million people are newly infected with HIV worldwide, a majority of them through unprotected vaginal sex. More than half of new infections in adults occur in women. Male condoms and mal...

    Authors: Jael Obiero, Peter G Mwethera, Gregory D Hussey and Charles S Wiysonge
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:289
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  29. Patients with HIV/AIDS on Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) suffer from physical, psychological and spiritual problems. Despite international policy explicitly stating that a multidimensional approach such as palli...

    Authors: Keira Lowther, Victoria Simms, Lucy Selman, Lorraine Sherr, Liz Gwyther, Hellen Kariuki, Aabid Ahmed, Zipporah Ali, Rachel Jenkins, Irene J Higginson and Richard Harding
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:288
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  30. Cholera is newly emergent in Papua New Guinea but may soon become endemic. Identifying the risk factors for cholera provides evidence for targeted prevention and control measures.

    Authors: Alexander Rosewell, Benita Addy, Lucas Komnapi, Freda Makanda, Berry Ropa, Enoch Posanai, Samir Dutta, Glen Mola, WY Nicola Man, Anthony Zwi and C Raina MacIntyre
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:287
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  31. The staphylococci are implicated in a variety of human infections; however, many clinical microbiology laboratories in Nigeria do not identify staphylococci (in particular coagulase negative staphylococci - CN...

    Authors: Adebayo Shittu, Omotayo Oyedara, Fadekemi Abegunrin, Kenneth Okon, Adeola Raji, Samuel Taiwo, Folasade Ogunsola, Kenneth Onyedibe and Gay Elisha
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:286
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  32. Screening and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in asylum seekers (AS) may prevent future cases of tuberculosis. As the screening with Interferon Gamma Release Assay (IGRA) is costly, the objec...

    Authors: Apostolos Sarivalasis, Jean-Pierre Zellweger, Mohamed Faouzi, Oscar Daher, Charlotte Deslarzes and Patrick Bodenmann
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:285
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  33. Staphylococcus aureus, particularly methicillin resistant (MRSA), is a common pathogen among patients receiving hemodialysis. To evaluate nasal carriage, molecular characterization and effectiveness of decoloniz...

    Authors: Yu-Chuan Kang, Wei-Chen Tai, Chun-Chen Yu, Je-Ho Kang and Yhu-Chering Huang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:284
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  34. Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) has large impact on direct healthcare costs, especially those derived from hospitalization. This study determines impact, clinical characteristics, outcome and economic conse...

    Authors: Antoni Sicras-Mainar, Jordi Ibáñez-Nolla, Isabel Cifuentes, Pablo Guijarro, Ruth Navarro-Artieda and Lorenzo Aguilar
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:283
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  35. India has among the highest rates of infant malnutrition. Few studies investigating the growth patterns of HIV-exposed infants in India or the impact of timing of HIV infection on growth in settings such as In...

    Authors: Malathi Ram, Nikhil Gupte, Uma Nayak, Aarti A Kinikar, Mangesh Khandave, Anita V Shankar, Jayagowri Sastry, Robert C Bollinger and Amita Gupta
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:282
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  36. The aim of our study was to investigate and control an outbreak and identify risk factors for colonization and infection with Serratia marcescens in two departments in Tartu University Hospital.

    Authors: Vivika Adamson, Piret Mitt, Heti Pisarev, Tuuli Metsvaht, Kaidi Telling, Paul Naaber and Matti Maimets
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:281
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  37. Between 2007 and 2011, the Netherlands experienced the largest documented Q-fever outbreak to date with a total of 4108 notified acute Q-fever patients. Previous studies have indicated that Q-fever patients ma...

    Authors: Joris AF van Loenhout, W John Paget, Jan H Vercoulen, Clementine J Wijkmans, Jeannine LA Hautvast and Koos van der Velden
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:280
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  38. At the time of the influenza A(H1N1)pmd09 pandemic it was not known if concurrent or sequential administration of seasonal trivalent influenza vaccine (TIV) with pandemic vaccine was preferred.

    Authors: Joanne M Langley, Louise Frenette, Laurence Chu, Shelly McNeil, Scott Halperin, Ping Li and David Vaughn
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:279
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  39. Cryptococcus neoformans causes meningitis and disseminated infection in healthy individuals, but more commonly in hosts with defective immune responses. Cell-mediated immunity is an important component of the im...

    Authors: Katya C Rocha, Cinthia Pinhal, Sônia Cavalcanti, Monica SM Vidal, Matheus Toscano, Dewton Moraes-Vasconcelos, Alberto JS Duarte, Fernando LA Fonseca, Luiz Carlos de Abreu, Vitor E Valenti and Anete SG Grumach
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:278
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  40. The risk of HIV-1 related mortality is strongly related to CD4 count. Guidance on optimal timing for initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) is still evolving, but the contribution of HIV-1 infection to exc...

    Authors: Guy de Bruyn, Amalia Magaret, Jared M Baeten, Jairam R Lingappa, Patrick Ndase, Connie Celum and Anna Wald
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:277
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  41. There is agreement that the infectivity assay with the duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV) is a suitable surrogate test to validate disinfectants for hepatitis B virucidal activity. However, since this test is not w...

    Authors: Andreas Sauerbrei, Michael Schacke, Brigitte Glück, Uwe Bust, Holger F Rabenau and Peter Wutzler
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:276
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  42. Rapid demographic growth in Douala city, Cameroon, has resulted in profound ecological and environmental changes. Although demographic changes can affect anopheline mosquito breeding sites, there is a lack of ...

    Authors: Christophe Antonio-Nkondjio, Blaise Defo-Talom, Romuald Tagne-Fotso, Billy Tene-Fossog, Cyrille Ndo, Leopold Gustave Lehman, Timoléon Tchuinkam, Pierre Kengne and Parfait Awono-Ambene
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:275
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  43. Persistent residual immune activation and lipid dysmetabolism are characteristics of HIV positive patients receiving an highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Nuclear Receptors are transcription factors...

    Authors: Barbara Renga, Daniela Francisci, Claudio D’Amore, Elisabetta Schiaroli, Adriana Carino, Franco Baldelli and Stefano Fiorucci
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:274
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  44. Semi-quantitative bacteruria counts (s-QBC) are important in the diagnosis of urinary tract infection (UTI) due to most uropathogens. The prognostic value of s-QBC for diagnosis of UTI due to group B streptoco...

    Authors: Chee K Tan, Kimberly B Ulett, Michael Steele, William H Benjamin Jr and Glen C Ulett
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:273
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  45. Managing a severe dengue infection is a challenge specially when complicated by other comorbidities. We report a patient with dengue haemorrhagic fever and spontaneous bleeding who required mandatory anticoagu...

    Authors: Champika Gamakaranage, Chaturaka Rodrigo, Sincy Samarawickrama, Dilushi Wijayaratne, Malaka Jayawardane, Panduka Karunanayake and Saroj Jayasinghe
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:272
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  46. Raw seafood consumption was identified as the major risk factor for hepatitis A during the large epidemic of 1996 and 1997 in Puglia (South Italy). In Puglia, vaccination for toddlers and preadolescents has be...

    Authors: Maria Chironna, Rosa Prato, Anna Sallustio, Domenico Martinelli, Silvio Tafuri, Michele Quarto and Cinzia Germinario
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:271
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has of late emerged as a cause of community-acquired infections among immunocompetent adults without risk factors. Skin and soft tissue infections represent the ...

    Authors: Amreeta Dhanoa, Vivek Ajit Singh, Azura Mansor, Mohd Yasim Yusof, King-Ting Lim and Kwai-Lin Thong
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:270
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  48. MRSA prevalence in nursing homes often exceeds that in hospitals, but reasons for this are not well understood. We sought to measure MRSA burden in a large number of nursing homes and identify facility charact...

    Authors: Courtney R Murphy, Victor Quan, Diane Kim, Ellena Peterson, Matthew Whealon, Grace Tan, Kaye Evans, Hildy Meyers, Michele Cheung, Bruce Y Lee, Dana B Mukamel and Susan S Huang
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:269
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  49. Initial antimicrobial therapy (AB) is an important determinant of clinical outcome in patients with severe infections as pneumonia, however well-conducted studies regarding prognostic impact of inadequate init...

    Authors: Nihal Piskin, Hande Aydemir, Nefise Oztoprak, Deniz Akduman, Fusun Comert, Furuzan Kokturk and Guven Celebi
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:268
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  50. Pneumonia remains a leading cause of child death in developing countries. The viruses in severe pneumonia remain poorly defined.

    Authors: Akira Suzuki, Socorro Lupisan, Yuki Furuse, Naoko Fuji, Mariko Saito, Raita Tamaki, Hazel Galang, Lydia Sombrero, Melisa Mondoy, Rapunzel Aniceto, Remigio Olveda and Hitoshi Oshitani
    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2012 12:267
    Content type: Research article Published on:

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