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  1. Anemia is common in HIV infection and independently associated with disease progression and mortality. The pathophysiology of HIV-related anemia is not well understood especially in infancy.

    Authors: Melissa F Miller, Jean H Humphrey, Peter J Iliff, Lucie C Malaba, Nkosinathi V Mbuya and Rebecca J Stoltzfus

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2006 6:1

    Content type: Research article

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  2. Despite the high incidence of cervical cancer reported from India, large scale population based studies on the HPV prevalence and genotype distribution are very few from this region. In view of the clinical tr...

    Authors: A Pavani Sowjanya, Meenkashi Jain, Usha Rani Poli, S Padma, Manik Das, Keerti V Shah, BN Rao, Radha Rama Devi, Patti E Gravitt and Gayatri Ramakrishna

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2005 5:116

    Content type: Research article

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  3. Maternal schistosomiasis and filariasis have been shown to influence infant responses to neonatal bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) immunisation but the effects of maternal hookworm, and of de-worming in pregnancy...

    Authors: Alison M Elliott, Proscovia B Namujju, Patrice A Mawa, Maria A Quigley, Margaret Nampijja, Peter M Nkurunziza, John T Belisle, Moses Muwanga and James AG Whitworth

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2005 5:115

    Content type: Research article

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  4. The functional polymorphism -260 C>T in the LPS sensing TLR4 co-receptor CD14 gene enhances the transcriptional activity and results in a higher CD14 receptor density. Individuals carrying the T/T genotype also h...

    Authors: Sander Ouburg, Joke Spaargaren, Janneke E den Hartog, Jolande A Land, Johan SA Fennema, Jolein Pleijster, A Salvador Peña and Servaas A Morré

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2005 5:114

    Content type: Research article

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  5. Leishmaniasis remains a serious public health problem in several parts of the developing world. Effective prophylactic measurements are hampered by imprecise comprehension of different aspects of the disease, ...

    Authors: Arlene Caldas, Cecília Favali, Dorlene Aquino, Vera Vinhas, Johan van Weyenbergh, Cláudia Brodskyn, Jackson Costa, Manoel Barral-Netto and Aldina Barral

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2005 5:113

    Content type: Research article

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  6. Delayed diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis (TB) results in severe disease and a higher mortality. It also leads to an increased period of infectivity in the community. The objective of this study was to d...

    Authors: Solomon Yimer, Gunnar Bjune and Getu Alene

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2005 5:112

    Content type: Research article

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  7. The objective of this study was to establish 1) the performance of chest X-ray (CXR) in all suspects of tuberculosis (TB), as well as smear-negative TB suspects and 2) to compare the cost-effectiveness of the ...

    Authors: MRA van Cleeff, LE Kivihya-Ndugga, H Meme, JA Odhiambo and PR Klatser

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2005 5:111

    Content type: Research article

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  8. Septicaemia is a common cause of morbidity and mortality among children in the developing world. This pattern has changed little in the past decade. Physical signs and symptoms, though useful in identifying po...

    Authors: Martin M Meremikwu, Chukwuemeka E Nwachukwu, Anne E Asuquo, Joseph U Okebe and Simon J Utsalo

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2005 5:110

    Content type: Research article

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  9. Coxiella burnetii, the causative agent of Q fever, may cause culture-negative vascular graft infections. Very few cases of C. burnetii infection of a vascular graft have been reported. All were diagnosed by sero...

    Authors: Laurence Senn, Mario Franciolli, Didier Raoult, Alexandre Moulin, Ludwig Von Segesser, Thierry Calandra and Gilbert Greub

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2005 5:109

    Content type: Case report

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  10. Biliary atresia (BA) is the most severe hepatic disorder in newborns and its etiopathogenesis remains unknown. Viral involvement has been proposed, including the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV). The aims of the s...

    Authors: Adriana MA De Tommaso, Paula D Andrade, Sandra CB Costa, Cecília AF Escanhoela and Gabriel Hessel

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2005 5:108

    Content type: Research article

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  11. Rapidly growing mycobacteria is recognized as one of the causative agents of catheter-related infections, especially in immunocompromised hosts. To date, however, Mycobacterium senegalense, which was known as the...

    Authors: Won Sup Oh, Kwan Soo Ko, Jae-Hoon Song, Mi Young Lee, Seong Yeol Ryu, Sangtaek Heo, Ki Tae Kwon, Jang-Ho Lee, Kyong Ran Peck and Nam Yong Lee

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2005 5:107

    Content type: Case report

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  12. Streptococcus pneumoniae is the leading cause of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). High global incidence of macrolide and penicillin resistance has been reported, whereas fluoroquinolone resistance is uncommon...

    Authors: Andrea Endimiani, Gioconda Brigante, Alessia A Bettaccini, Francesco Luzzaro, Paolo Grossi and Antonio Q Toniolo

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2005 5:106

    Content type: Case report

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  13. Chlamydia trachomatis is the most common sexually transmitted bacterial pathogen causing female genital tract infection throughout the world. Reinfection with the same serovar, as well as multiple infections wit...

    Authors: Joseph M Lyons, Servaas A Morré, Lucy P Airo-Brown, A Salvador Peña and James I Ito

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2005 5:105

    Content type: Research article

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  14. Rabies virus preferentially involves brainstem, thalamus and spinal cord in human furious and paralytic rabies beginning in the early stage of illness. Nevertheless, rabies patient remains alert until the pre-...

    Authors: Sasiwimol Juntrakul, Preecha Ruangvejvorachai, Shanop Shuangshoti, Supaporn Wacharapluesadee and Thiravat Hemachudha

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2005 5:104

    Content type: Research article

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  15. Bacterial meningitis is a group of life threatening infections that mostly affect children and adolescents, and may be the cause of severe neurological sequelae. Cuba has implemented massive vaccination progra...

    Authors: Félix O Dickinson and Antonio E Pérez

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2005 5:103

    Content type: Research article

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  17. The objective of this study was to review the effects of adjunctive corticosteroids on overall mortality and the need for mechanical ventilation in HIV-infected patients with Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PCP)...

    Authors: Matthias Briel, Remy Boscacci, Hansjakob Furrer and Heiner C Bucher

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2005 5:101

    Content type: Research article

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  19. Candida species have various degrees of susceptibility to common antifungal drugs. The extent of resistance to amphotericin B and fluconazole of Candida glabrata isolates causing candidemia has been reported. Ac...

    Authors: Yun-Liang Yang, Shu-Ying Li, Hsiao-Hsu Cheng and Hsiu-Jung Lo

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2005 5:99

    Content type: Research article

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  20. Central nervous system (CNS) exposure to HIV is a universal facet of systemic infection. Because of its proximity to and shared barriers with the brain, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) provides a useful window into ...

    Authors: Serena S Spudich, Annelie C Nilsson, Nicole D Lollo, Teri J Liegler, Christos J Petropoulos, Steven G Deeks, Ellen E Paxinos and Richard W Price

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2005 5:98

    Content type: Research article

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  21. Aseptic meningitis is a relatively frequent childhood disease and virologic data suggest that enteroviruses are the commonest etiologic agents. We evaluated the epidemiologic characteristics of aseptic meningi...

    Authors: Kyung-Yil Lee, David Burgner, Hyung-Shin Lee, Ja-Hyun Hong, Mi-Hee Lee, Jin-Han Kang and Byung-Churl Lee

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2005 5:97

    Content type: Research article

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  22. The Taiwan19F-14 Streptococcus pneumoniae clone and its variants are being found with increasing frequency in the Asia-Pacific region. A 5-year old child with S. pneumoniae meningitis caused by a high-level penic...

    Authors: Tsai-Ling Lauderdale, Wei Yang Lee, Ming Fang Cheng, I Fei Huang, Yu Chen Lin, Kai Sheng Hseih, I-Wen Huang and Christine C Chiou

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2005 5:96

    Content type: Research article

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  23. Oxidative stress can be defined as an increase in oxidants and/or a decrease in antioxidant capacity. There is limited information about the oxidative status in subjects with hepatitis B virus infection. We ai...

    Authors: Cengiz Bolukbas, Fusun Filiz Bolukbas, Mehmet Horoz, Mehmet Aslan, Hakim Celik and Ozcan Erel

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2005 5:95

    Content type: Research article

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  24. Some studies of nosocomial bloodstream infection (nBSI) have demonstrated a higher mortality for polymicrobial bacteremia when compared to monomicrobial nBSI. The purpose of this study was to compare differenc...

    Authors: Alexandre R Marra, Gonzalo ML Bearman, Richard P Wenzel and Michael B Edmond

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2005 5:94

    Content type: Research article

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  25. We conducted a nationwide study in Denmark to identify clinical features and prognostic factors in patients with Streptococcus pneumoniae according to the focus of infection.

    Authors: Christian Østergaard, Helle Bossen Konradsen and Susanne Samuelsson

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2005 5:93

    Content type: Research article

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  27. The aim of the study was to investigate the in vivo efficacy of local and systemic antibiotic prophylaxis in the prevention of Staphylococcus (S.) epidermidis graft infection in a rat model and to evaluate the ba...

    Authors: Huseyin Turgut, Suzan Sacar, Ilknur Kaleli, Mustafa Sacar, Ibrahim Goksin, Semra Toprak, Ali Asan, Nural Cevahir, Koray Tekin and Ahmet Baltalarli

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2005 5:91

    Content type: Research article

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  28. Myocarditis and pericarditis are rare complications of rickettsiosis, usually associated with Rickettsia rickettsii and R. conorii. African tick-bite fever (ATBF) is generally considered as a benign disease and n...

    Authors: Cristina Bellini, Matteo Monti, Mathieu Potin, Anne Dalle Ave, Jacques Bille and Gilbert Greub

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2005 5:90

    Content type: Case report

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  29. In preparation of vaccines trials to estimate protection against shigellosis and cholera we conducted a two-year community-based surveillance study in an impoverished area of North Jakarta which provided updat...

    Authors: Magdarina D Agtini, Rooswanti Soeharno, Murad Lesmana, Narain H Punjabi, Cyrus Simanjuntak, Ferry Wangsasaputra, Dazwir Nurdin, Sri Pandam Pulungsih, Ainur Rofiq, Hari Santoso, H Pujarwoto, Agus Sjahrurachman, Pratiwi Sudarmono, Lorenz von Seidlein, Jacqueline L Deen, Mohammad Ali…

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2005 5:89

    Content type: Research article

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    The Erratum to this article has been published in BMC Infectious Diseases 2007 7:1

  30. Complicated intra-abdominal infections (cIAI) remain challenging to treat because of their polymicrobial etiology including multi-drug resistant bacteria. The efficacy and safety of tigecycline, an expanded br...

    Authors: María E Oliva, Arcot Rekha, Albert Yellin, Jacyr Pasternak, Maria Campos, Gilbert M Rose, Timothy Babinchak, Evelyn J Ellis-Grosse and Evan Loh

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2005 5:88

    Content type: Research article

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  31. The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) was a newly emerged infectious disease which caused a global epidemic in 2002–2003. Sequence analysis of SARS-coronavirus isolates revealed that specific genotypes ...

    Authors: Grace TY Chung, Rossa WK Chiu, Jo LK Cheung, Yongjie Jin, Stephen SC Chim, Paul KS Chan and YM Dennis Lo

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2005 5:87

    Content type: Research article

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  32. Resistance to third generation cephalosporins due to acquisition and expression of extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) enzymes among Gram-negative bacteria is on the increase. Presence of ESBL producing organ...

    Authors: Faustine Ndugulile, Roland Jureen, Stig Harthug, Willy Urassa and Nina Langeland

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2005 5:86

    Content type: Research article

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  33. Although senile dementia patients in long-term care facilities are at leading risk of scabies, the epidemiologic characteristics of this disease have yet to be fully clarified. This study documents the finding...

    Authors: Masae Tsutsumi, Hiroshi Nishiura and Toshio Kobayashi

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2005 5:85

    Content type: Research article

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  34. Commercially available assays to detect antibodies to the herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2)-specific glycoprotein gG-2 have markedly improved serologic diagnosis of HSV-2 infection. However, even tests with ...

    Authors: Rhoda Ashley Morrow, David Friedrich, Amalia Meier and Lawrence Corey

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2005 5:84

    Content type: Research article

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    The Erratum to this article has been published in BMC Infectious Diseases 2007 7:11

  35. High risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infects mucosal surfaces and HR-HPV infection is required for development of cervical cancer. Accordingly, enforced expression of the early HR-HPV proteins can induce im...

    Authors: Jeppe Vinther, Maiken W Rosenstierne, Karen Kristiansen and Bodil Norrild

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2005 5:83

    Content type: Research article

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  36. Pseudomonas luteola has been recognized as an uncommon cause of bacteremia and of infections in patients with underlying medical disorders

    Authors: Jean-Paul Casalta, Pierre-Edouard Fournier, Gilbert Habib, Alberto Riberi and Didier Raoult

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2005 5:82

    Content type: Case report

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  37. Tuberculosis is endemic to developing countries like India. Though the whole genome sequences of the type strain M. tuberculosis H37Rv and the clinical strain M. tuberculosis CDC1551 are available, the clinical i...

    Authors: Suma Sarojini, Smitha Soman, Indulakshmi Radhakrishnan and Sathish Mundayoor

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2005 5:81

    Content type: Research article

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  38. HIV-infected patients on long-term highly active antiretroviral therapy often present peculiar patterns of fat redistribution, referred to as lipodystrophy. In spite of recent investigations, it is not known w...

    Authors: Giustino Parruti and Giuseppe Marani Toro

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2005 5:80

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

  39. Both cell-associated and cell-free HIV virions are present in semen and cervical secretions of HIV-infected individuals. Thus, topical microbicides may need to inactivate both cell-associated and cell-free HIV...

    Authors: Stuart S Olmsted, Kristen V Khanna, Erina M Ng, Steven T Whitten, Owen N Johnson III, Richard B Markham, Richard A Cone and Thomas R Moench

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2005 5:79

    Content type: Research article

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  40. Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is an illness in search of an infectious etiology. GB virus-C (GBV-C) virus is a flavivirus with cell tropism and host defense induction qualities compatible with a role in produ...

    Authors: James F Jones, Prasad S Kulkarni, Salvatore T Butera and William C Reeves

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2005 5:78

    Content type: Research article

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  41. In the last decade many studies have definitely shown that human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are the major cause of cervical carcinogenesis and, in the last few years, HPV testing has been proposed as a new and mo...

    Authors: Maria G Centurioni, Andrea Puppo, Domenico F Merlo, Gennaro Pasciucco, Enzo R Cusimano, Rodolfo Sirito and Claudio A Gustavino

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2005 5:77

    Content type: Research article

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  42. Laboratory diagnosis of Chlamydophila psittaci, an important turkey respiratory pathogen, is difficult. To facilitate the diagnosis, a nested PCR-enzyme immunoassay (PCR-EIA) was developed to detect the Cp. psitt...

    Authors: Marnix Van Loock, Kristel Verminnen, Trudy O Messmer, Guido Volckaert, Bruno M Goddeeris and Daisy Vanrompay

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2005 5:76

    Content type: Research article

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  43. Epidemiological investigations were carried out in the Lazio Region to assess the status of canine filariosis and to evaluate the actual risk for veterinary and medical public health.

    Authors: Paola Scaramozzino, Simona Gabrielli, Michele Di Paolo, Marcello Sala, Francesco Scholl and Gabriella Cancrini

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2005 5:75

    Content type: Research article

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  45. Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV is a newly emerging virus that causes SARS with high mortality rate in infected people. Successful control of the global SARS epidemic will require rapid and sensit...

    Authors: Michela Flego, Paola Di Bonito, Alessandro Ascione, Silvia Zamboni, Alessandra Carattoli, Felicia Grasso, Antonio Cassone and Maurizio Cianfriglia

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2005 5:73

    Content type: Research article

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  46. Giardia lamblia (intestinalis) and Cryptosporidium parvum are the two most important intestinal parasites infecting North Americans but there is a paucity of active population-based surveillance data from Canada...

    Authors: Kevin B Laupland and Deirdre L Church

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2005 5:72

    Content type: Research article

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  47. Blood culture (BCX) use is often sub-optimal, and is a user-dependent diagnostic test. Little is known about physician training and BCX-related knowledge. We sought to assess variations in caregiver BCX-relate...

    Authors: Jorge P Parada, David N Schwartz, Gordon D Schiff and Kevin B Weiss

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2005 5:71

    Content type: Research article

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  48. Campylobacteriosis is one of the most commonly identified causes of bacterial diarrheal disease and a common cause of gastroenteritis in travellers from developed nations. Despite the widespread occurrence, th...

    Authors: Anders Ternhag, Anna Törner, Åke Svensson, Johan Giesecke and Karl Ekdahl

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2005 5:70

    Content type: Research article

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  49. By persisting in infected cells for a long period of time, proviral HIV-1 DNA can represent an alternative viral marker to RNA viral load during the follow-up of HIV-1 infected individuals. In the present stud...

    Authors: Maria Carla Re, Francesca Vitone, Laura Sighinolfi, Pasqua Schiavone, Florio Ghinelli and Davide Gibellini

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2005 5:69

    Content type: Research article

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  50. Arcanobacterium haemolyticum has an established role in the etiology of human pharyngitis. There are increasing reports of systemic infections caused by this organism. From India, we report the first case of Arc...

    Authors: Subhash Chandra Parija, Venkatesh Kaliaperumal, Saka Vinod Kumar, Sistla Sujatha, Venkateshwara Babu and V Balu

    Citation: BMC Infectious Diseases 2005 5:68

    Content type: Case report

    Published on:

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